Diving into the unknown: fourteen new species of haplosclerid sponges (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) revealed along the Peruvian coast (Southeastern Pacific) Author Bispo, André 0000-0003-4025-6839 Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s / n, CEP 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4025 - 6839; afelipebispo @ gmail. com Author Willenz, Philippe 0000-0003-4127-9346 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Rue Vautier 29, B- 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium & Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50, B- 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4127 - 9346; philippe. willenz @ naturalsciences. be Author Hajdu, Eduardo 0000-0002-8760-9403 Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s / n, CEP 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8760 - 9403; eduardo. hajdu @ gmail. com text Zootaxa 2022 2022-01-06 5087 2 201 252 journal article 2766 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.2.1 9bad3816-a4ab-406c-886d-b0e0f83ddf3f 1175-5326 5824017 4B472D23-386F-497F-A6DA-8867C081D6D8 Identification key to Peruvian haplosclerids 1a Microscleres are sigmas and toxas.......................................... Haliclona ( Gellius ) concreta sp. nov. 1b Microscleres absent................................................................................... 2 2a Oxeas do not exceed 95 µm, yellow colour alive............................. Haliclona ( Reniera ) parvuloxea sp. nov. 2b Oxeas exceed 105 µm, other colours...................................................................... 3 3a Presence of multispicular primary tracts................................................................... 4 3b Absence of multispicular primary tracts................................................................... 5 4a Choanosomal skeleton very regular, with abundant spongin enveloping the spicule tracts...... Niphates ruthecitae sp. nov. 4b Choanosomal skeleton not very regular, with scarce spongin, never enveloping the spicule tracts................................................................................................. Pachychalina lupusapia sp. nov. 5a Ectosomal skeleton specialized, a dense, uni- to paucispicular, isotropic reticulation................................ 6 5b Ectosomal skeleton unspecialized, absent................................................................. 10 6a Pink(ish) colour alive................................................................................. 7 6b Other colours alive................................................................................... 9 7a Repent-ramose habit.............................................. Haliclona ( Halichoclona ) marcoriosi sp. nov . 7b Encrusting habit...................................................................................... 8 8a Oscula aligned in rows on ridges, and oxeas 108–198 μm............... Haliclona ( Halichoclona ) multiosculata sp. nov. 8b Oscula not aligned in rows on ridges, and oxeas 87–135 μm............ Haliclona ( Halichoclona ) arequipaensis sp. nov. 9a White colour alive, with translucent surface, and hastate oxeas.............. Haliclona ( Halichoclona ) pellucida sp. nov. 9b Beige colour alive, no translucent surface, and acerate oxeas................. Haliclona ( Halichoclona ) paracas sp. nov. 10a Secondary lines only one spicules long................................................................... 11 10b Secondary lines one and more than one spicules long....................................................... 13 11a Without projections, purplish blue colour alive............................ Haliclona ( Rhizoniera ) baslaviae sp. nov. 11b Lobate projections, other colours....................................................................... 12 12a Oscula apical, lateral or basal on the projections; olive-green to yellow colour alive................................................................................................ Haliclona ( Rhizoniera ) manglarensis sp. nov. 12b Oscula mostly flush with the surface; light-brown colour alive................. Haliclona ( Rhizoniera ) zanabriai sp. nov. 13a Branches present, short, distal, bifurcating and anastomosing, beige to pinkish beige colour alive.................................................................................................. Chalinula ramiculosa sp. nov. 13b Branches absent, beige to light yellow colour alive...................................... Chalinula chelysa sp. nov.