The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications Author Sacchetti, Claudia 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com Author Landau, Bernard 0000-0002-7768-8494 bernardmlandau@gmail.com Author Ávila, Sérgio P. 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-05-24 5295 1 1 150 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 journal article 53396 10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 82286fdc-a858-447c-9980-da2e8985d19c 1175-5326 7965273 F3A52660-70B8-439F-A7A0-F45ADC975EA5 Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) Plate 6 F * Turbo quadricarinatus Brocchi 1814: 375 , pl. 7, fig. 6. Mathilda quadricarinata (Br.) — Sacco 1896a: 34 , pl. 3, fig. 26. Mathilda quadricarinata var. squamosa (Bors.) — Sacco 1896a: 35 , pl. 3, fig. 27. Mathilda quadricarinata var. perconica Sacco 1896a: 35 , pl. 3, fig. 28. Mathilda quadricarinata var. perelegans Sacco 1896a: 35 , pl. 3, fig. 29. Mathilda quadricarinata var. taurocolligens Sacco 1896a: 35 , pl. 3, fig. 30. Mathilda ( Mathilda ) quadricarinata (Brocchi) 1814 —Rossi & Ronchetti 1955: 119, fig. 56. Mathilda quadricarinata (Brocchi) — Caprotti 1976: 7 , pl. 8, fig. 5. Turbo quadricarinata Brocchi, 1814 — Pinna & Spezia 1978: 164 , pl. 59, fig. 1. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Poppe & Goto 1991: 186 , pl. 36, fig. 30. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 152 , fig. 421. Mathilda quadricarenata [ sic ] ( Brocchi, 1814 )— Chirli & Richard 2008: 75 , pl. 25, fig. 2. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Sosso & Dell’Angelo 2010: 51 , 66, unnumbered figure, middle row right. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Chirli & Linse 2011: 214 , pl. 85, fig. 1. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) —Hernández et al . 2011: 243, figs. 82P-S. Mathilda granosa ( Borson, 1821 ) — Landau et al. 2011: 39 , pl. 22, fig. 3 [ non Mathilda granosa ( Borson, 1821 ) ]. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Chirli 2013: 20 , pl. 7, figs. 1-6. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Giannuzzi-Savelli et al. 2014: 38 , fig. 32. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 104 , fig. 441. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Boschele et al . 2021: 18 , pl. 14, fig. 25. Mathilda quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Tabanelli et al . 2021: 3 , figs. 1a-c, 2a-c. Santa Maria material examined. Maximum height 1.9 mm, width 1.1 mm (incomplete fragment). DBUA-F 1023- 2 (1), Ponta do Castelo, Santa Maria Island, Azores , Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene. Description. Azorean material too incomplete to offer a description. Discussion. The Azorean specimen consists of half of the penultimate and last whorls, attached to matrix that cannot be removed. Nevertheless, it shows the characteristic sculpture consisting of four primary cords: two weaker adapical and two stronger abapical cords. Fine lamellar axial sculpture makes the cords weakly to moderately beaded. The specimen from the Atlantic Lower Pliocene Guadalquivir Basin assemblage illustrated by Landau et al. (2011 : pl. 22, fig. 3) as Mathilda granosa ( Borson, 1821 ) represents M. quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814 ) . Mathilda granosa has one weaker adapical cord and two strong abapical cords that are far more strongly tubercular than in M. quadricarinata (see Sosso & Dell’Angelo 2010: 66 , unnumbered figure, middle row centre vs. middle row right). Mathilda cochlaeformis Brugnone, 1873 , also from the present-day West African and Mediterranean coasts, differs in having a wider apical angle, two weak adapical cords and the third cord stronger than the fourth, making the whorls somewhat angular in profile. Mathilda gemmulata Semper, 1865 , known from the Italian Pliocene and present coast of West African, is slightly slenderer than M. quadricarinata , and has one weak adapical primary cord and two stronger adapical cords. Distribution. Lower Miocene: central Proto-Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896a ). Upper Miocene: central Proto-Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896a ). Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, Azores (this paper), Guadalquivir Basin S. Spain ( Landau et al. 2011 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Cavallo & Repetto 1992 ; Sosso & Dell’Angelo 2010 ; Chirli 2013 ; Brunetti & Cresti 2018 ). Upper Pliocene: western Mediterranean, Estepona Basin, S. Spain (NHMW collection), France ( Chirli & Richard 2008 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896a ; Caprotti 1976 ; Tabanelli et al . 2021 ). Lower Pleistocene: eastern Mediterranean, Rhodes Island ( Chirli & Linse 2011 ). Present-day: Portugal , Mediterranean, West African coast to Angola , Madeira, Canaries and Cabo Verde ( Poppe & Goto 1991 ; Hernández et al . 2011; Giannuzzi-Savelli et al. 2014 ).