Review of the buccal-attaching fish parasite genus Glossobius Schioedte & Meinert, 1883 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoidae)
Author
Martin, Melissa B.
Author
Bruce, Niel L.
Author
Nowak, Barbara F.
text
Zootaxa
2015
3973
2
337
350
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.8
f74af877-39af-4cbc-b5c5-40f02b922c12
1175-5326
238583
F222652F-629F-48EE-89F0-0E33BECE02B8
Glossobius
Schioedte & Meinert, 1883
Glossobius
Schioedte & Meinert, 1883
: 299
.—
Bruce & Bowman, 1989
: 12
.
Ceratothoa
.—
Richardson, 1905
: 283
.—
Schultz, 1969
: 155
.—
Kussakin, 1979
: 287
.
Types
species.
Ceratothoa linearis
Dana, 1853
[junior synonym of
Glossobius impressus
(
Say, 1818
)
]; by subsequent designation (
Bruce & Bowman 1989
).
Diagnosis (female).
Cephalon
not immersed in pereonite 1, anterolateral margin concave.
Eyes
present.
Pereonite
1 anterolateral margins minute or projecting laterally, anterior margin straight or slightly convex.
Pleonite
1 overlapped by pereonite 7, narrower than pleonites 2–5.
Antennula
bases contiguous, peduncle articles 1–3 of similar size and bigger than other articles, peduncle articles 1–3 anterodistal margins produced, terminal articles without setae.
Coxae
not overlapping adjacent pereonites.
Brood pouch
arising from coxae 1–4 and 6.
Mandible
articles 1–3 articulated.
Maxilla
with welldefined medial and lateral lobes.
Maxilliped
palp article 3 apex with multiple recurved spines.
Pereopods
5–7 basis with raised carina.
Uropod rami
not extending beyond pleotelson posterior margin.
Remarks
.
Glossobius
can be recognized by the cephalon not being immersed in pereonite 1; pereonite 1 with minute anterolateral margins or margins projecting laterally; cephalon anterolateral margins concave; antennule bases contiguous; pleopods with transverse ridges, endopods with weak proximomedial lobes, endopods 2–5 with depressions; and expanded posterior margin of pereopods 4–7 bases. For male diagnosis see
Bruce & Bowman (1989)
.
Other similar buccal-attaching genera differ from
Glossobius
in the following characteristics:
Ceratothoa
pereonite 1 anterolateral margins projecting forward; pereonite 6 longer than
Glossobius
; anterior margin of pereonite 1 indented (
Bruce & Bowman 1989
);
Cinusa
Schioedte & Meinert, 1884
: pereonite 3–4 widest anteriorly; antennae slender (
Hadfield
et al.
2010
); brood pouch arising from coxae 2–5 (Hadfield 2012);
Lobothorax
Bleeker, 1857
: pereonite 1 anterolateral margins rounded, with strongly developed lobes, dorsally concave and flattened, extending past rostrum; pleopod exopods with proximolateral lamella (
Yu & Bruce 2006
); brood pouch arising from coxae 2–4 and 6 (Hadfield 2012);
Cymothoa
Fabricius, 1793
: antennula basally widely separated; cephalon rostrum ventrally folded (Hadfield 2012); pleopods with fleshy and thick folds (
Martin
et al.
2013
); and
Smenispa
, 2009
: pleopods 3–5 have large folds, and pereon and pleon are co-linear with subparallel lateral margins (
Martin
et al.
2014a
).
Species of
Glossobius
(see
Table 1
) are restricted to beloniform fishes.
Glossobius arimae
Nunomura, 2001
was the only species associated with a non-beloniform fish and did not morphologically agree with the genus;
G. arimae
is here transferred to the genus
Ceratothoa
(see remarks in section
Ceratothoa arimae
(
Nunomura, 2001
)
comb. nov.
).
Glossobius
species display different levels of host specificity towards beloniform hosts.
Glossobius anctus
and
G
.
parexocoetii
are known from one host species,
G. hemiramphi
is known from two host species of the genus
Hemiramphus
,
G. impressus
is known from six host species of the family
Exocoetidae
, and
G. auritus
is known from five host species from two families. Despite the different levels of host preference for
Glossobius
, all species appear to be cosmopolitan (see comments on distribution for each species).