A review of the genera Prismognathus Motschulsky and Cladophyllus Houlbert (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae) from China, with the description of two new species
Author
Huang, Hao
Author
Chen, Chang-Chin
text
Zootaxa
2012
3255
1
36
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.280626
bdb9a932-2643-48f1-8545-cfeb75a683cd
1175-5326
280626
Prismognathus klapperichi
Bomans, 1989
(
Figs. 24, 32–33
,
47–56
,
75, 77
,
87–90
,
134–136
,
174–178
,
205–206
,
234
)
Prismognathus klapperichi
Bomans, 1989
: 15
[
type
locality: Kuatun, Fujian];
Wan
et al
., 2007
: 54
, partim [specimens from Fujian];
Fig. 13
, male;
Fig. 14
, male
holotype
;
Fig. 15
, female allotype;
Figs. 20–22
, male and female genitalia.
Material examined.
CHINA
: Fujian Province:
7 3, 5 ƤƤ (
CDKZ
,
CHH
,
CCCC
), Wuyishan Nature Reserve, Xianfengling,
1200m
,
VIII.2004
, Zhou leg.; 3 3 (
CHH
,
CPYL
), Wuyishan Nature Reserve, Kuatun,
1100m
,
VII.2006
, local collectors leg., purchased by Z.-H. Zheng and X. Lu; 2 3 (
CHH
,
CXBS
), Kuatun,
VII.2009
, H. Huang & X.-B. Song leg.
Zhejiang Province
: 3 3, 1 Ƥ (
CHH
,
CWXB
), Qingyuan County, Baishanzu Nature Reserve,
1200m
,
VII.2005
, W.-X. Bi leg.; 1 3, 2 ƤƤ (
CXBS
), Baishanzu,
VII. 2008
, X.-B. Song leg.; 1 Ƥ (
SNUC
), Longquan County, Fengyangshan Nature Reserve,
1300m
,
VII.2006
, J.-W. Li & S.-J. Shen leg.; 1 Ƥ (
IEAS
), Qingyuan County, Baishanzu.
Guangdong Province
: 1 3, Ruyuan County, Nanling Reserve,
1000m
,
VIII.2008
, X.-Y. Zhu leg.
Guangxi Province
: 1 3, Guilin City, Xing-an County, Mao-er-shan Nature Reserve,
VIII.2009
, B.- P. Huang leg., 2 3, 1 Ƥ (
CCCC
,
CHH
), Wuming County, Damingshan Nature Reserve,
VIII.2008
, local collectors leg., purchased by P.-Y. Liu.
Guizhou Province
: 1 3 (
SNUC
), Kuankuoshui Nature Reserve,
VIII.2010
, Z.-W. Yin leg.
Chongqing
: 4 3, 2 ƤƤ, Jiangjing County, Simianshan,
IX.2008
, Y. Li leg.
Sichuan Province
: 7 3, 2 Ƥ Ƥ (
CHH
,
CCCC
), Emeishan, Huayanding Temple,
1900m
,
19.VIII.2011
, H. Huang leg.; 1 3, 1 Ƥ (
CCCC
), Dujiangyan, Qingchenghoushan,
28.VIII. 2011
, H. Huang leg.
Identification
. The
type
series of this species, consisting of only one couple of specimens, was collected from Kuatun, a well-known collecting locality in the current Wuyishan Nature Reserve in northern Fujian.
Wan
et al
. (2007)
recorded a further male specimen from Xingcun, the very nearby area of Kuatun in the Wuyishan Nature Reserve. The male
holotype
has the right side of the head deformed but has the left side of the head normally developed. It is similar to
P. davidis
,
P. dauricus
and
P. siniaevi
in having the preocular margins of the head straight and diverging anteriorly to the triangular anterolateral angles of the head, the mandible serrate continuously for a long distance and not markedly longer than head. This species seems to be rather rare in the Wuyishan Nature Reserve, the
type
locality, as only
12 males
and
5 females
from Kuatun and Xianfengling (only
20 km
away from Kuatun) have been captured by several Chinese collectors during the past years. We have been able to examine all these specimens and they are constant in genitalic characters and proved to belong to the same species. The following characters are considered the most useful in recognizing
P. klapperichi
: 1) mandible of the large and medium-sized males with evident subbasal teeth along the dorsal ridge (different from
P. dauricus
and
P. siniaevi
); 2) male mandible with outer margin rather straight (different from
P. da v id is
); 3) ventral surface of the body in both sexes rather glabrous (different from
P. siniaevi
); 4) apex of flagellum of median lobe relatively slender (different from
P. davidis
and
P. dauricus
); 5) spermatheca and spermathecal gland of the female genitalia markedly large (different from all the other species). We compared with these topotypes some similar specimens from other areas in southern
China
and identified them as
P. klapperichi
which seems to be distributed in southern Zhejiang, southern Chongqing, western Sichuan, northern Guizhou, Guangxi and northern Guangdong. However, the similar specimens from northern Zhejiang which were identified by
Wan
et al
. (2007)
as
P. klapperichi
actually belong to
P. davidis
.
Diagnosis
. The males of
P. klapperichi
are less variable than the males of
P. d a v i d i s
, with the outer margin of mandible always straight and the preocular margins of the head always divergent anteriorly. The large and mediumsized males of
P. klapperichi
are easily distinguishable from the similar
P. dauricus
by the presence of the subbasal teeth along the dorsal ridge of the mandible. However the small-sized males of
P. klapperichi
are quite difficult to separate from those of
P. davidis
and
P. dauricus
unless a dissection of genitalia is made. The male genitalic differences between
P. davidis
,
P. dauricus
and
P. klapperichi
are slight and mainly found in size of the apex of the flagellum. The females of
P. klapperichi
are very similar to those of
P. davidis
and
P. kanghianus
in external features, and a dissection is always necessary for a sure identification.
Taxonomic notes.
Although
P. klapperichi
is very similar to the populations of
P. davidis
from southern
China
, it is a valid species because of the constant differences in both male and female genitalia. Moreover the two species are sympatric in the Nanling Reserve, northern Guangdong.
All the populations of
P. klapperichi
are considered as a single species, because all of them share the following female genitalic characters: 1) spermatheca large and markedly longer than the whole sclerotized part of female genitalia; 2) spermathecal gland about as large as hemisternite.
Distribution.
Fujian, southern Zhejiang, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong.