A review of the Callogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Red Sea with the description of a new species Author Delventhal, Naomi R. Author Mooi, Randall D. Author Bogorodsky, Sergey V. Author Mal, Ahmad O. text Zootaxa 2016 4179 2 225 243 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.3 6fc39bea-49f6-4bcb-a07a-6027a4e829d5 1175-5326 261616 A456F585-0F3A-4F98-99CC-795A1A3603C4 Key to seven Callogobius species of the Red Sea (To be used for specimens at least 15 mm SL. Counts of scales in lateral series can vary by ± 2 depending on the user or the condition of the specimen) 1a. Chin with 4 transverse mandibular papillae rows (Row 16) on each side; temporal canal present with 2 pores (K’, L’) above operculum; scales in lateral series 21–25, usually 24; in intact adult specimens, anterior first dorsal-fin spines free of membranes for about one-quarter or more of spine length.......................... Callogobius pilosimentum n. sp. ( Fig. 2 ) 1b. Chin with more than 10 transverse mandibular papillae rows (Row 16) on each side (the rows extending posteriorly to the lower edge of the preoperculum); temporal canal absent (no pores above operculum); scales in lateral series 22–41, more than 24 in most species; in intact adult specimens, anterior first dorsal-fin spines free of membranes for less than one-quarter spine length.............................................................................................. 2 2a. Pelvic fin united and frenum weak to moderately well-developed; preopercular row (Row 20) continuous with transverse opercular papillae row (Row 21)............................................................................. 3 2b. Pelvic fins separate or partially united and frenum weak or absent; preopercular papillae row (Row 20) not continuous with transverse opercular row (Row 21)....................................................................... 4 3a. Head with strongly contrasting markings including bars radiating from eye, body with dark bars and horizontal stripes; D VI + I,10; A I,8.................................................................... Callogobius amikami ( Fig. 3 ) 3b. Head, body and fins mostly dark with narrow dark horizontal stripes on body, dark vertical bars usually not obvious; D VI + I,9; A I,7........................................................................ Callogobius dori ( Fig. 5 ) 4a. Scales in lateral series 33–41........................................................................... 5 4b. Scales in lateral series 22–32............................................................................ 6 5a. Head pores absent; scales mostly cycloid, except for a few on caudal peduncle; pelvic fins united about two-thirds of length of medial rays, frenum weak......................................................... Callogobius clarki ( Fig. 4 ) 5b. Head pores present; scales ctenoid on posterior half of body; pelvic fins separate or with a minute membrane, frenum absent......................................................................... Callogobius flavobrunneus ( Fig. 6 ) 6a. Scales in lateral series 27–32; pelvic fins separate or with a minute basal membrane........ Callogobius sclateri ( Fig. 7A ) 6b. Scales in lateral series 22–25; pelvic fins united about two-thirds of the length of pelvic fin.... Callogobius sp. A ( Fig. 7 B)