Two new nematode-trapping fungi (Arthrobotrys, Orbiliaceae) from Yunnan, China Author Zhang, Xin 0000-0001-9029-9365 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & zhangx @ eastern-himalaya. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9029 - 9365 zhangx@eastern-himalaya.cn Author Zhang, Fa 0000-0002-3749-2948 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & zhangf @ eastern-himalaya. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3749 - 2948 zhangf@eastern-himalaya.cn Author Jiang, Lin 0000-0002-6319-9753 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & jianglinkw @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6319 - 9753 Author Yang, Yao-Quan 0000-0003-4516-5258 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & yangyaoquan 0519 @ outlook. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4516 - 5258 yangyaoquan0519@outlook.com Author Yang, Xiao-Yan 0000-0002-9304-308X Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & The provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & yangxy @ eastern-himalaya. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9304 - 308 X yangxy@eastern-himalaya.cn Author Xiao, Wen 0000-0002-4951-7524 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Key Laboratory of Yunnan State Education Department on Er’hai Lake Basin Protection and the Sustainable Development Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & The provincial innovation team of biodiversity conservation and utility of the three parallel rivers from Dali University, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & Yunling black-and-white snub-nosed monkey observation and research station of Yunnan province, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P. R. China. & xiaow @ eastern-himalaya. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4951 - 7524 xiaow@eastern-himalaya.cn text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-10-18 568 3 255 266 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.568.3.2 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.568.3.2 1179-3163 7223604 Arthrobotrys jindingensis X. Zhang & X. Y. Yang , sp. nov. ( FIGURE 2 ) Index Fungorum number: IF559863 Etymology: —The species name “jindingensis” refers to the name of the sample collection site: Jinding Town, Lanping County, Yunnan Province , China . Material examined: — CHINA , Yunnan Province , Lanping County , Bijiang River ( N 26°22.7187′ E 99°23.4924′ ), from freshwater sediment, 1 December 2017 , Li Xianfu. Holotype CGMCC3.20895 , deposited in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center. Ex-type culture DLUCC26-1 , preserved in the Dali University Culture Collection. Description: — Saprobic on soil. Isolation rapidly grows on PDA, reaching a colony-diameter of 55 mm at 26 °C within 6 days. Colonies on PDA whitish to reddish, cottony. Mycelium hyaline, septate, branched. Conidiophore hyaline, erect, occasionally produces a long branch at the base, forms an irregularly swollen node at the apex, sometimes produces more nodes by producing a short branch near the apex or by repeated elongation of conidiophore, 5–22 conidia borne in each node. 67.5–280.5 (176.7) μm long, 3.5–7.5 (5.9) μm wide at the base, gradually tapering upwards to a width of 2.0–5.5 (4.0) um below the first node. Conidia hyaline, pyriform or obovoid, 1-septate, slightly constricted at the septum, rounded at the apex, the basal cell is smaller than the distal cell, 8.5–18.5 (12.74) × 15.5–32.0 (22.80) μm. Chlamydospores spherical, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, in bead-like chains, smooth, 8.5–26.0 (16.04) × 11.5–47.5 (21.34) μm. Capturing nematodes by adhesive three-dimensional networks. FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree based on a combined ITS, TEF and RPB2 sequence data from 65 species of Arthrobotrys . Bootstrap support values for maximum likelihood (black) equal or greater than 70%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities values (red) greater than 0.90 are indicated above the nodes. The new isolates are in blue, and the type strains are in bold. The tree is rooted in Vermispora fusarina YXJ 02-13-5. Additional material examined: — CHINA , Yunnan Province , Nujiang City , Lanping County , Bijiang River , N 26°22.7187′ E 99°23.4924′ , from freshwater sediment, 1 December 2017 , Li Xianfu. Living culture YL202 . Taxonomic Discussion: —Phylogenetically, Arthrobotrys jindingensis cluster together with A. botryospora , A. latispora , A. robusta and A. cladodes with high support values (96% MLBS and 0.94 BYPP). Morphologically, A. jindingensis differs from A. botryospora , A. latispora , A. robusta and A. cladodes by their septum number and position of conidia. Most conidia of A. jindingensis produce one septum near the base, while the septum of A. latispora , A. cladodes and A. robusta is located in the center of the conidia, and most conidia of A. botryospora are aseptate ( Su et al. 2011 , Drechsler 1937 , Duddington 1951 , Barron 1979 ). Based on the above, combined with phylogenetic analysis, we propose this species as a new species of Arthrobotrys .