Diversity of schizomids (Arachnida: Schizomida) revealed by new fossil genera and species from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber with implications for a Gondwanan origin of the Burma Terrane Author Magnussen, Ilian De Francesco Author Müller, Sandro P. Author Hammel, Jörg U. Author Kotthoff, Ulrich Author Harms, Danilo text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2022 2022-05-24 196 792 844 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac034 0024-4082 7187082 26533E9F-C53F-4051-B6B4-990E63C08C74 † ANNAZOMUS PARVULUS DE FRANCESCO MAGNUSSEN SP. NOV. ( FIGS 3–5 ) Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9221DD2F-0C17-48AC-8904-C18E18A05F96 Type material: Holotype ( Fig. 3A –D ), adult homeomorphic ♂ , collection no. GPIH 04893 ; ex collection Patrick Müller (no. BUB556). Diagnosis Pedipalps short; flagellum shape nearly rectangular, with a bulbous elevation on the left and right dorsal side; small body size of 1.95 mm . Etymology The specific epithet is Latin parvulus , small, referring to the small body size of the specimen. It is masculine in gender. Description Total length from the anterior process to the base of the flagellum 1.95 mm . Figure 3. Specimen GPIH04893 , † Annazomus parvulus sp. nov. , holotype. A, specimen in dorsal view, photograph. B, same, interpretative drawing. C, specimen in ventral view photograph. D, same, interpretative drawing. See Material and methods for explanation of abbreviations. Scale bars: 1 mm. Figure 4. Specimen GPIH04893 , † Annazomus parvulus sp. nov. , holotype, details.A, metapeltidium dorsal view, photograph. B, same, interpretative drawing. C, right pedipalp in mesal view, photograph. D, same, interpretative drawing. See Material and methods for explanation of abbreviations. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C, D). Colour (in amber): Light brown and golden; prosoma, opisthosoma, flagellum, femur IV and pedipalps slightly darker brown golden; leg I golden and translucent, original colouring equivocal. Prosoma: Length 0.83 mm ; propeltidium length 0.68 mm , width 0.32 mm . Anterior process sharply bent down, length not measurable; setation: one seta, sitting on the left side of the anterior process, no further setation visible; small round holes in the proximal part of the propeltidium prevent reconstruction of further setation, but there might have been a pair of setae with the right one now missing, definite setation remains unclear. Propeltidium setation prosoma: three pairs, first pair of setae still in place, second pair left one aborted, third pair both aborted with only left tubercle visible, right one not visible owing to a crack in the amber covering parts of the propeltidium. Corneate eyes and eyespots absent. Mesopeltidia width (right): ~ 0.11 mm , left one not visible owing to an air bubble in the amber. Metapeltidium not divided with a thin suture ( Fig. 4A, B ), length 0.2 mm , width 0.42 mm . Anterior sternum with 10 + 2 sternapophysial setae, length 0.24 mm , width 0.22 mm . Posterior sternum with six setae, length 0.12 mm , width 0.11 mm . Figure 5. Specimen GPIH04893 , † Annazomus parvulus sp. nov. , holotype, details. A, flagellum in dorsal view, photograph. B, same, interpretative drawing. C, flagellum in ventral view, photograph. D, same, interpretative drawing. E, flagellum in dorsal view, three-dimensional (3D) model based on synchrotron scan. F, flagellum in ventral view, 3D model based on X-rayscan. G, flagellum in lateral view, 3D model based on X-ray-scan. See Material and methods for explanation of abbreviations. Scale bars: 0.25 mm. Chelicerae: Setation of the mesal side of chelicerae not visible, except for G6-1. Pedipalps: Short and slim, without armature ( Fig. 4C, D ), mesal spur on trochanter not visible; trochanter setation: five ventral strong setae, two ectal, four mesal setae; femur: longer than trochanter, setation: five dorsal, three ectal, two ventroectal, three mesal; patella: shorter than femur, setation: four mesal, two ectal, four dorsomesal, two dorsoectal, three dorsal; tibia: shorter than patella, setation: three dorsomesal, three ectal, two ventroectal, two dorsoectal, five mesal; tarsus: with tarsal spurs, spur length: 0.02 mm , setation: three ectal, four dorsoectal, four ventroectal, two dorsal, three dorsomesal, three+ ventromesal, five mesal, two+ ventral; claw: straight, slightly longer than half the length of tarsus. Legs: Right leg I aborted at the trochanter, left leg well preserved and complete, tarsus with six segments, leg I ~1.37 times longer than the body; anterodorsal margin of femur of leg IV produced at an angle of ~90°, femur of leg IV 2.65 times longer than deep; leg IV> 1.04 times longer than the total body length; leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: Length 1.12 mm , width 0.42 mm ; tergites X–XII not elongated, tergite XII with a large, rectangular posterodorsal process. Abdominal tergites setation: I: Dm; II: Dm; III: Dm, left missing; IV: Dm, both missing; V: Dm, both missing; VI: Dm; VII: Dm, both missing; VIII: Dm, left missing, Dl1; IX: Dl1, Dl2; X: Dl1; XI: Dl1; XII: Dm, Dl1, setation pattern: 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:4:4:2:2:4. Flagellum: dorsoventrally flattened, rectangular with an apical tip at the posterior end, on the dorsal side with a bulbous elevation each left and right near the posterior end ( Fig. 5A–G ), length 0.17 mm , width 0.22 mm ; stalk length ~ 0.09 mm ; setation: Dm1, Dl2 paired, Dm4, Dl3 paired and nearly at the posterior end of the flagellum, Vm1, Vm2 paired, Vm3 paired, Vl1 paired, Vm5, Vl2 paired. Further measurements: Pedipalp: trochanter 0.16 mm ; femur 0.26 mm ; patella 0.23 mm ; tibia 0.20 mm ; tarsus 0.13 mm ; claw 0.07 mm ; total length 1.05 mm . Leg I: trochanter 0.19 mm ; femur 0.61 mm ; patella 0.71 mm ; tibia 0.58 mm ; metatarsus 0.24 mm ; tarsus (tarsus segments) 0.34 mm ( 0.04 mm ; 0.04 mm ; 0.04 mm ; 0.04 mm ; 0.05 mm ; 0.13 mm ); total length 2.67 mm . Leg II: t r o c h a n t e r 0.1 2 m m; f e m u r 0.4 9 m m; p a t e l l a 0.22 mm ; tibia 0.25 mm ; metatarsus 0.29 mm ; tarsus (tarsus segments) 0.26 mm ( 0.10 mm ; 0.06 mm ; 0.10 mm ); total length 1.63 mm . Leg III: trochanter 0.13 mm ; femur 0.48 mm ; patella 0.17 mm ; tibia 0.19 mm ; metatarsus 0.25 mm ; tarsus (tarsus segments) 0.26 mm ( 0.12 mm ; 0.06 mm ; 0.08 mm ); total length 1.48 mm . Leg IV: trochanter 0.19 mm ; femur 0.70 mm ; patella> 0.22 mm ; tibia> 0.29 mm ; metatarsus 0.35 mm ; tarsus (tarsus segments) 0.2 8 m m (0.1 1 m m; 0.0 6 m m; 0.1 1 m m); t o t a l length> 2.03 mm .