Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arαchnidα: Amblypygi: Chαrinidαe) Endemic for the Brαziliαn Amαzon, with Notes on Their Conservαtionαl Stαtus Author Giupponi, Alessandro Ponce de Leão Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Invertebrados, Laboratório de Aracnologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, & Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, LIRN / CAVAISC-IOC-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Author Miranda, Gustavo Silva de Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Invertebrados, Laboratório de Aracnologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, & Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark text PLoS ONE 2016 e 0148277 2016-02-17 1892 2 1 33 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148277 journal article 300238 10.1371/journal.pone.0148277 c020f40f-02db-4c8f-a3d5-a3672a9e6253 1932-6203 PMC4757423 26885641 12630553 876ED555-65EC-467D-9B1A-666E01AC5F3B Charinus brescoviti new species . urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ED0B1B23-2274- 449F-B9EE-EDAE43A48902 ( Figs 1A–1E , 2A , 3A and 4A ) Etymology. This species is named after Dr. Antônio Domingos Brescovit (Instituto Butantan, SP , BR ), in recognition of his contribution to arachnology. Type material. Holotype : BRAZIL : Amazonas : Araçá River , Piaçaba , 18.v.1982 , B. Mascarenhas (Female, IBSP 149 ) . Paratypes : BRAZIL : Amazonas : Araçá River , Piaçaba , 18.v.1982 , B. Macharenhas ( 1 female , IBSP 149 ; 1 female and 1 juvenile , MNRJ 9186 ) . Diagnosis. Well-developed median and lateral eyes; small and rounded meta and mesosternum; large basal spine pedipalp distitarsus (2/3 the distal length); basitibia of leg IV divided in two pseudo articles; trichobothria of basitibia IV ( bt ) on the proximal third of the article; distitibia IV with 16 trichobothriae, equidistant basal trichobothria ( bf , bc and sbf ); brownish-yellow body color; cushion-like gonopods with small lateral projections directed backwards and internal seminal receptacles. Description. Carapace ( Fig 1A ): flattened, wider than longer (ratio approximately 4/5). Prominent lateral and median eyes; from the median eyes starts a thin median furrow that reaches around the median area of the lateral hump pair, behind the lateral eye spots. Anterior margin with 6 small setae. Corners of anterior margin extending downwards in a wide, roundish boss. Many tiny punctuations, more abundant in the frontal area. Three pairs of deep furrows and a deep, oval fovea. First pair of furrows placed just behind the lateral boss and not reaching the middle line. Lateral eyes without cornea and clearly defined lens (only a small roundish knob). Frontal process well developed, much longer than wider, with blunt, reborded apex. Sternum ( Fig 1B ). Tri-segmented, all pieces weakly sclerotized. Tritosternum with a round basis and projected anteriorly in a small blunt tubercle, which reaches the base of the chelicerae, with 2 apical, 2 median and 2 basal setae. Middle piece rounded, convex, with 2 setae. Third piece rounded and convex, subequal to the middle piece, with two setae. Sternites separated from each other by the diameter of the middle piece. Abdomen ( Fig 1A ). Oblong, with almost indistinguishable punctuations, finer than that on the carapace. Chelicera ( Fig 2A ). Cheliceral furrow with 4 internal teeth; first tooth bifid, Ia slightly bigger than Ib. Second and third teeth subequal. Fourth tooth twice as long as the others and stouter. Teeth length: IV>Ia>Ib = II>III. Claw with 6 denticles, the basal larger. Pedipalp. Trochanter ( Fig 1D and 1E ): large ventral apophysis on the posterior border of the article, spiniform, bearing seven large setae, and with a blunt tip pointed forwards; two subequal spines, one at the median third and the other at the distal tip of the prolateral face. Femur ( Fig 1D and 1E ): 3–4 dorsal spines (I>II>III>IV) with two prominent setiferous tubercle before the first spine; 4 ventral spines (main series) with one small accessory spine before the first, this the same size of spine IV (I>II>III>IV). Tibia ( Fig 1D and 1E ): dorsal main series with three spines (I>II>III); small accessory spine before the first spine; spine II two thirds spine I and spine III one third the size spine I. Spine I with a setiferous tubercle on its first third. 2 ventral spines, the proximal two thirds the distal. Basitarsus ( Fig 1C, 1D and 1E ): 2 dorsal spines, the basal 2/3 the distal. 1 ventral spine at the distal half, subequal to the dorsal basal spine. Distitarsus ( Fig 1C ): with 2 large curved spines, the distal half the size of the article, and the basal half distal spine. Cleaning organ about ½ the article length. Claw ( Fig 1C ): long, with an acute, curved tip. Legs. All setose. Ventral corner of the prolateral face of femora II-IV projecting in a distinct spiniform process. Femur length I>III>IV>II. Tibia I with 23 articles. Tarsus (basitarsus+distitarsus) I with 37–39 articles. Leg IV : Basitibia: divided into 2 pseudo-articles, with one trichobothrium on both pseudo-segments; the trichobothrium of the proximal pseudo-article is between the median and the distal third; the trichobothrium of the distal pseudo-article is on the basal third. Distitibia ( Fig 3A ): 3 basal and 13 distal trichobothria (total of 16); trichobothrium bc half way to bf and sbf . Basitibia-distitibia length DT>BT1>BT2. Fig 1. A-E. Habitus and details of the sternum and pedipalp of Charinus brescoviti sp. n. (female, MNRJ 9186). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Sternum; C. Frontal view of left the pedipalp basitiba, distitiba and claw; D. Dorsal view of the right pedipalp; E. Ventral view of the left pedipalp. Scale bars: 1mm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148277.g001 Fig 2. A-H. Mesal view of the right chelicerae of all new species here described. A. Charinus brescoviti sp. n. (female paratype, IBSP 149); B. Charinus ricardoi sp. n. (female paratype, MZSP 22036); C. Charinus bonaldoi sp. n. (female paratype,MPEG 0061); D. Charinus guto sp. n. (female paratype, MZSP 41460); E. Charinus carajas sp. n. (male paratype, MZSP 28291); F. Charinus orientalis sp. n. (female paratype, MZSP 29118); G. Charinus ferreus sp. n. (female paratype, MZSP 29106); H. Charinus bichuetteae sp. n. (male paratype, MNRJ 9173). Scale bars: 1mm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148277.g002 Measurements. Female (n = 3): Cephalothorax: Length: 2.1 mm (2.0–2.3), Width: 2.9 mm (2.8–3.0). Abdomen: 2.6 mm (3.1–4.0). Pedipalp: Femur 1.9 mm (1.5–2.1), Tibia 1.2 mm (1.6– 2.2), Basitarsus 0.9 mm (0.7–1), Distitarsus 0.7 mm (0.6–0.7), Tarsal claw 0.5 mm (0.4–0.6). Color pattern (in alcohol). Chelicerae, pedipalps and carapace yellowish-brown. Legs light yellowish-brown. Abdomen pale yellow. Color of live animals unknown. Genitalia. Female gonopod ( Fig 4A ) cushion-like, with small lateral thin projections pointing backwards, resembling claws; projections not sclerotized; atrium not covered by the lateral projections, and with several glandular openings.