Phyllostomidae
Author
Don E. Wilson
Author
Russell A. Mittermeier
text
2019
2019-10-31
Lynx Edicions
Barcelona
Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats
444
583
book chapter
http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594
adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e
978-84-16728-19-0
6458594
206.
Aztec Fruit-eating Bat
Artibeus aztecus
French:
Dermanure azteque
/
German:
Azteken-Fruchtvampir
/
Spanish:
Artibeo
azteca
Taxonomy.
Artibeus aztecus K. Andersen, 1906
,
“Tetela del Volcan,
Morelos
,
Mexico
.”
Artibeus aztecus
is placed in
Dermanura
by some authors but reassigned to
Artibeus
(subgenus
Dermanura
) according to reinterpretation of molecular results. Three subspecies recognized.
Subspecies and Distribution.
A.a.aztecusK.Andersen,1906—highlandssurroundingMexicanPlateauandSMexico(fromSinaloaandNuevoLeontoOaxaca).
A.a.majorW.B.Davis,1969—highlandsfromSCentralAmerica(CostaRicaandPanama).
A. a. minor W. B. Davis, 1969
— highlands from S
Mexico
to N Central America (
Chiapas
to
Honduras
).
Descriptive notes.
Head—body 59-75 mm (tailless), ear 15-20 mm, hindfoot 11-14 mm, forearm 41-49 mm; weight 15-33 g. The Aztec Fruit-eating Bat is the largest species in the smallsize group in subgenus
Dermanura
. Dorsal fur is charcoal-brown to blackish; ventral fur is slightly paler, with faintly frosted tips; and dorsal fur is long (9-10 mm) and soft. Narrow whitish facial stripes are inconspicuous or absent. Ears and noseleaf are dark brown, and ears lack prominent white edging. Tail membrane is very short, narrow (less than 6-5 mm), deeply incised (V-shaped), and well haired dorsally, with conspicuous fringe of hairs on posterior border. Dental formulais12/2,C1/1,P2/2,M 2/2 (
x2
) = 28. I' are distinctly bilobated. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30-31 and FN = 56, with Y,, Y, chromosome system (X-autosome fusion). X-chromosome is subtelocentric, and Y, and Y, chromosomes are acrocentric.
Habitat.
Pine, pine-oak, and montane cloud forests; mango and banana plantations; tropical deciduous forest close to coniferous highland forests (
Sinaloa
), and relatively dry valley near
Comayagua
(
Honduras
), at elevations of 600-3300 m in
Mexico
(more commonly above
1000 m
).
Food and Feeding.
In central
Mexico
, the Aztec Fruit-eating Bat eats wild figs (
Ficus
spp.,
Moraceae
), capuli cherries (
Prunus
serotine,
Rosaceae
), cypress (
Cupressus
sp.,
Cupressaceae
), and Mexican hawthorn (
Crataegus mexicana
,
Rosaceae
).
Breeding.
Reproductive pattern of the Aztec Fruit-eating Bat is bimodal polyestry, with at least two birth periods per year in February-March and August-September. Pregnant females have been found with single embryos in March-April and July-August and lactating females at the end of August and in September. A juvenile male was captured in June and a young female carried by its mother in September. Young are precocial.
Activity patterns.
Daytime roosts ofAztec Fruit-eating Bats have been reported on ventral surfaces of banana leaves, in small crevices and caves, and on rock outcroppings and limestone sinks. Aztec Fruit-eating Bats have been captured early in the evening; activity diminished by 22:00 h and increased again in early morning. They are locally uncommon, even in favorable habitat.
Movements, Home range and Social organization.
No information.
Status and Conservation.
Classified as [Least Concern on The UICNRed List (as
Dermanura azteca
). The Aztec Fruit-eating Bat has a wide distribution and presumably large population. It occurs in protected areas,is tolerant to some degree of habitat modification, and is unlikely to be declining at a rate to justify a threatened status. No major threats have been identified.
Bibliography.
Andersen (1906b), Davis (1969), LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002), Lopez & Ayala (2014), Reid (2009), Sanchez-Hernandez et al. (2016), Solari (2016d), Webster & Jones (1982a).