A revision of the genus Saccoglossus (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta: Harrimaniidae) with taxonomic descriptions of five new species from the Eastern Pacific
Author
C. B. Cameron
Author
C. Deland
Author
T. H. Bullock
text
Zootaxa
2010
2010-05-25
2483
1
22
journal article
32068
10.5281/zenodo.893894
2bb49143-5cbd-42f7-9689-de741f351ff7
1175-5326
893894
Genus
Saccoglossus
Schimkewitsch, 1892
Dolichoglossus
:
Spengel, 1893
Type species.
Saccoglossus kowalevskii
(
Agassiz, 1873
)
Diagnosis.
Proboscis usually long; middorsal longitudinal groove may be present. Collar usually very short compared to proboscis. Dorsal interbranchial genital ridges and dorsal gonads absent but lateral extrabranchial genital ridges may be present. Intestinal pores often present. Perihaemal cavities always present. Peribuccal cavities usually present, but not always. Genus most importantly characterized by arrangement of longitudinal muscle fibers of proboscis in several concentric rings (
Fig. 2 A
). Many species favor quiet muddy-sandy flats not too far from the mouth of a bay, living in ‘permanent’ tubes and throwing up low conical mounds of quasi-spiral castings from the anus.
Remarks.
The genus as revised above would now include the following species:
S. apatensis
Thomas, 1956
;
S. aulakoeis
Thomas, 1968
;
S. bromophenolosus
King, Giray & Kornfield, 1994
;
S. horsti
Brambell & Goodhart, 1941
;
S. hwangtauensis
(Si & Kwang-Chung, 1935)
,
S. inhacensis
(Kapelin, 1936)
,
S. kowalevskii
(
Agassiz, 1873
)
,
S. madrasensis
Rao, 1957
,
S. mereschkowskii
(
Wagner, 1885
)
,
S. otagoensis
(
Benham, 1895
)
,
S. pusillus
(
Ritter, 1902
,
1929
),
S. ruber
Tattersall, 1905
, and
S. sulcatus
(
Spengel, 1893
)
.
S. cambrensis
(Brambell,
Rogers and Goodhart, 1939
)
,
S. serpentinus
(Assheton, 1908)
and
S. ruber
(
Tattersall, 1905
)
are synonymous species from the
United Kingdom
(
Burdon-Jones, 1960
) and so
S. ruber
takes precedence.
S. ruber
characteristics found in this article, including
Table 1
, are taken from the more comprehensive taxonomic treatment of Brambell,
Rogers and Goodhart (1939)
. Five new species collected from the Eastern Pacific are described below.