A new semi-cryptic Filistata from caves in the Levant with comments on the limits of Filistata insidiatrix (Forsskål, 1775) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae)
Author
Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.
799DF5B9-9085-4E58-BE36-371CFADED8AA
División Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “ Bernardino Rivadavia ”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
magalhaes@macn.gov.ar
Author
Aharon, Shlomi
FB5EEA73-DD16-440C-B611-07F1C0C1300B
The National Natural History Collections, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. & The Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
shlomi.aharon@gmail.com
Author
Ganem, Zeana
01B74564-251F-4586-98E9-48B526D69FB2
The National Natural History Collections, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel. & The Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
zeana.ganem@mail.huji.ac.il
Author
Gavish-Regev, Efrat
FC073F19-2202-4C89-8B43-CEA4CC5E2D50
The National Natural History Collections, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
efrat.gavish-regev@mail.huji.ac.il
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2022
2022-07-25
831
149
174
http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2022.831.1875
dac72712-c4a7-4a1c-9de0-3ea1c95cecd2
2118-9773
6916932
C82D605B-9BE0-47D1-89E3-8C978CA48B4D
Key to the
Filistatidae
of
Israel
and
Palestine
The key below can be used to identify known species of crevice weavers from
Israel
and
Palestine
. For more information, readers are referred to recent taxonomic revisions of
Zaitunia
Lehtinen, 1967
(
Zonstein & Marusik 2016
),
Filistata
(
Zonstein & Marusik 2019
;
Zamani & Marusik 2020
) and
Sahastata
Benoit, 1968
(
Magalhaes
et al
. 2020
;
Gavish-Regev
et al
. 2022
). Although
Pritha
Lehtinen, 1967
has not been thoroughly revised, valuable taxonomic information for several species is available in scattered works (
Brignoli 1982
;
Marusik & Zamani 2015b
;
Legittimo
et al
. 2017
;
Zonstein & Marusik 2019
).
1. Tarsi without macrosetae; abdomen dorsally with white setae (in males, in one or two large patches) (
Fig. 10H, I
); female with calamistrum with three rows of inconspicuous setae (
Fig. 10B
); males with rigid leg tarsi, not flexible; male cymbium shorter than wide (
Fig. 10L
); male sperm duct with a single coil (
Fig. 10L
).............
Prithinae:
Pritha
Lehtinen, 1967
[three described species in
Israel
:
Pritha albimaculata
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
,
Pritha hirsuta
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
and
Pritha tenuispina
(Strand, 1814)
, in addition to undescribed species; genus in need of revision].
– Tarsi with macroseta (
Fig. 10A
; difficult to see in
Zaitunia
); white setae absent from abdomen; female calamistrum with conspicuous setae (
Fig. 10C–E
); males with flexible leg tarsi (
Fig. 10F
); male cymbium longer than wide (
Figs 10M, N
,
8
); male sperm duct with at least two coils (
Figs 10M–N
,
8
)............................................................................................................ 2 (
Filistatinae
Simon, 1864
)
2. Females with continuous calamistrum, with three rows with many setae (15 or more) (
Fig. 10C
); large spiders (females with body length around
10 mm
); females dark brown to black (
Fig. 10G
) and males light cream; males of Israeli species unknown, but based on congeners, should have pedipalpal femur with dorsal and ventral macrosetae ......................................................................... ......................................
Sahastata
Benoit, 1968
[a single known species in
Israel
, known currently only from females,
Sahastata aravaensis
Ganem, Magalhaes, Zonstein &
Gavish-Regev, 2022
].
Fig. 10.
Filistatid morphology.
A
.
Filistata insidiatrix
(
Forsskål, 1775
)
, ♀, leg tarsus, arrow points to macrosetae.
B
.
Pritha nana
(Simon, 1968)
, arrow points to right calamistrum.
C
.
Sahastata aravaensis
Ganem
et al.
, 2022
, left calamistrum.
D
.
Zaitunia schmitzi
Kulczyński, 1911
, left calamistrum, arrow points to gap between setae.
E
.
Filistata insidiatrix
, left calamistrum.
F
.
Filistata lubinae
Zonstein & Marusik, 2019
, ♂, tarsus I.
G
.
Sahastata aravaensis
, ♀.
H
.
Pritha
IFMsp185, ♀.
I
.
Pritha
sp.
, male abdomen, dorsal view.
J
.
Zaitunia schmitzi
, ♂.
K
.
Zaitunia schmitzi
, spermathecae ventral view.
L
.
Pritha tenuispina
(Strand, 1914)
, ♂, left pedipalp, prolateral view, arrow points to cymbium.
M
.
Filistata lubinae
, left copulatory bulb, prolateral view.
N
.
Zaitunia schmitzi
, ♂, left pedipalp, prolateral view, arrow points to cymbium.
O
.
Filistata albens
Zonstein & Marusik, 2019
, left copulatory bulb, prolateral view.
P
.
Zaitunia schmitzi
, male clypeus, lateral view, arrow points to stout setae.
Q
.
Filistata insidiatrix
, female clypeus, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
– Females with discontinuous calamistrum interrupted by a medial gap, with staggered rows with few setae (10 or less) (
Fig. 10D–E
); small to medium spiders (adults with body length around
3–6 mm
); females brown or light cream (
Figs 7
,
10J
); males with pedipalpal femur without dorsal macrosetae (ventral macrosetae present in
Filistata
, difficult to see in
Zaitunia
)................................................ 3
3. Brown spiders, with subrounded carapace (
Fig. 10J
); steep clypeus with strong, erect setae (
Fig. 10P
); females with two separate pairs of spermathecae (
Fig. 10K
); male cymbium without two strong and elongated prolateral setae; male pedipalpal tibia short, at most 2 times as long as wide (
Fig. 10N
) ...
Zaitunia
Lehtinen, 1967
[a single known species in
Israel
,
Zaitunia schmitzi
(Kulczyński, 1911)
].
– Light cream spiders, with carapace longer than wide (
Fig. 7
); flat clypeus, without particularly strong setae (
Fig. 10Q
); females with a single pair of spermathecae (
Fig. 9
), or if with two pairs, these are partly fused (
Fig. 3B–C
); male cymbium with two strong prolateral setae (
Fig. 8B
); male pedipalpal tibia long, at least three times as long as wide (
Fig. 8A
)..................................................................... ........................................................................................ 4 (
Filistata
Latreille, 1810
) [four described species in
Israel
, of those four species, only the females of
F. insidiatrix
and
F. betarif
are known, and are not morphologically diagnosable; thus, the remainder of the key refers only to males].
4. Male copulatory bulb short and stout, with long and coiled embolus (
Fig. 10M
); carapace subrounded.....................................................................
Filistata lubinae
Zonstein & Marusik, 2019
– Male copulatory bulb subconical (
Figs 8
,
10O
), embolus not coiled; carapace longer than wide.... 5
5. Sperm duct loosely packed, with space between coils; copulatory bulb shorter (ca 80% of cymbium length), with ventral side nearly straight (
Fig. 10O
) .......
Filistata albens
Zonstein & Marusik, 2019
– Sperm duct tightly packed (
Fig. 8
), without space between coils; copulatory bulb longer (almost as long as cymbium), with ventral side curved inwards ........................................................................ 6
6. Embolic keel conspicuous (
Figs 3H
,
8G
,
5A
) ..............................................
Filistata betarif
sp. nov.
– Embolic keel inconspicuous (
Fig. 3I
,
8H
,
5B
) ..........................
Filistata insidiatrix
(
Forsskål, 1775
)