Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of ' fire millipedes' (Diplopoda) Author Wesener, Thomas urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author: Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, U. S. A. & Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Museumsmeile Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. & B 54 D 3623309 Author Enghoff, Henrik urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author: Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Author Sierwald, Petra urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author: Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, U. S. A. text ZooKeys 2009 2009-09-04 19 19 1 128 journal article 10.3897/zookeys.19.221 e6ea8eea-7156-4785-8313-f4bd88dadad1 1313–2970 576503 C473F9F6-1AE7-4B3F-B17F-CA1C2709010C Key to the Ostinobolus species: 1 Telopodite of posterior gonopods apically expanded into a star-shaped wider area ( Figs 48J , 50E ). Sperm canal discharging into a membranous fringe ( w in Figs 48J , 50F ) apically on telopodite...................................................... 2 – Telopodite of posterior gonopods never expanded into a star-shaped area ( Figs 51E , 52F). Sperm canal protruding mesally above telopodite; never developed as a membranous fringe ( w in Figs 51E , 52H)............................... 3 2 Specimens with 46–49 body rings. Sternite of anterior gonopod elongated into a slender, rectangular lobe ( Fig. 48G ). Telopodite of anterior gonopods in posterior view with an apical swollen process. Telopodite of posterior gonopod 3.6 times longer than wide ( Fig. 48J ), apically with a membranous fringe ( w ) and a membranous process ( x ) .............................. O. rufus sp. n. – Specimens with 40 body rings. Sternite of anterior gonopod wide and broadly rounded ( Fig. 50D ). No processes on telopodite of anterior gonopod. Telopodite of posterior gonopod 2.5 times longer than wide ( Fig. 50E ), apically with an additional process between membranous fringe ( w ) and membranous process ( x , Figs 50E, G )............................................ O. stellaris sp. n. 3 Eyes with circa 25 black ocelli ( Fig. 51A ). Colour with traces of red ( Fig. 51C ). Specimens 45–52 mm long, with 39 or 40 body rings. Male coxae 3 and 4 with a short, cylindrical process ( Fig. 51B ). Male legs long, 1.1 times body diameter. No processes on anterior gonopod telopodite ( Fig. 51F ). Posterior gonopod slender, slightly curved inwards. Width of telopodite only slightly increasing towards apex ( Fig. 51G ) .................... O. montanus sp. n. – Eyes reduced, with only 8 decolorized ocelli ( Fig. 52A ). Colour brownishgreyish ( Fig. 52C ). Specimens 28–32 mm long, with 42–44 body rings. Male coxae unmodified ( Fig. 52B ). Male legs very short, 0.4 times body diameter. Anterior gonopod telopodite with a large retrorse process ( Fig. 52G ). Posterior gonopod running straight, short and relatively wide .............................. ................................................................................. O. subterraneus sp. n.