A reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895: cladistic analysis, biogeography, and taxonomic review (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae) Author Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Brescovit, Antonio Domingos 14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D&D5B81D79-AFAE-47B1-8A6E-DAB448A24BCC Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com&antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-04-27 867 1 1 312 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 journal article 57602 10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 1d2570da-e150-4d75-94d8-bfc5813062bc 2118-9773 7891021 8DEF295C-A8B1-4A6B-B873-B30949F64E07 Pseudonannolene parvula Silvestri, 1902 Figs 103– 105 , 164E , 166D , 171C , 178G , 186 Pseudonannolene parvula Silvestri, 1902: 24 . Pseudonannolene parvula – Brölemann 1909: 85 . — Viggiani 1973: 367 . — Jeekel 2004: 90 . — Iniesta & Ferreira 2013a: 92 ; 2013c: 79 . Diagnosis Males of P. parvula slightly resemble those of P. spelaea by having the solenomere rounded apically and with seminal apophysis located mesally ( Fig. 104D–F ), but differing by the absence of a squamous membrane on the seminal apophysis ( Fig. 104D ); and by the presence of spiniform setae in the proximal region of the mentum and stipes ( Fig. 171C ). Etymology Named after the Latin adjective ‘ parvus ’ = ‘few’, ‘small’, plus the suffix ‘-ulus’ (feminine ‘-ula’). Unspecified in the original description. Material examined Syntypes PARAGUAY • 2 ♀♀ ; Alto Paraná , Bella Vista ; [ -25.528108 , -54.583762 ]; 8 Jul. 1900 ; A. Borelli leg.; USNM 2020 • 1 ♂ [fragmented], 2 ♀♀ [examined by photographs]; same collection data as for preceding; ZMB 2888 . Other material (total: 6 ♂♂ , 18 ♀♀ , 11 immatures ) BRAZIL – Paraná • 1 ♀ ; Foz do Iguaçu , Parque Nacional do Iguaçu ; [ -25.500435 , -54.583352 ]; 195 m a.s.l. ; 3–12 Mar. 2002 ; Equipe Biota leg.; IBSP 1488 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1504 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1463 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1437 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1451 • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1462 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1443 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1482 • 1 ♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1474 • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1486 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1962 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1967 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1961 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1954 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1952 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1956 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1963 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1960 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1958 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1955 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1957 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1959 • 1 ♀ immature; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1966 • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 1953 • 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; same locality data as for preceding; 28–31 Jul. 2016 ; V. Calvanese leg.; IBSP 7629 • 2 ♂♂ ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 7630 • 3 immatures ; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 7628 . Descriptive notes MEASUREMENTS . 58–61 body rings (1–2 apodous + telson). Males: body length 51.9–55.4 mm ; maximum midbody diameter 3.4–4.9 mm . Females: body length 56–57.9 mm ; maximum midbody diameter 4–4.1 mm . COLOR . Body color brownish grey; collum darker; prozonites anteriorly greyish; metazonites with a medial brown band and a posterior lighter one; head, antennae, and legs lighter brown. HEAD . Antennae short ( Fig. 164E ), just reaching back to end of ring 5 when extended dorsally; relative antennomere lengths 1<2<3>4>5=6>7. Mandibular cardo with ventral margin narrow. Mentum and stipes of gnathochilarium with scattered spiniform setae ( Fig. 171C ). Ommatidial cluster well-developed, elliptical; ca 30 ommatidia in 5 rows. BODY RINGS . Collum with lateral lobes rounded, with ca 6 shallow striae, slightly curved ectad ( Fig. 103A ). Very faintly constricted between prozonite and metazonite; prozonites smooth; metazonites laterally with transverse striae up to ozopore in anterior body rings. Anterior sterna in midbody rings subrectangular, without transverse striae ( Fig. 171C ). FIRST LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxae ( cx ) short (less than half of remaining podomere lengths), subtriangular, with the base arched and strongly expanded, densely setose ( Fig. 104A ); prefemoral process ( prf ) as wide as half of prefemur, subcylindrical, curved ectad, densely setose up to its median region ( Fig. 104B ); remaining podomeres with setae along the mesal region. SECOND LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxa ( cx ) large and rounded; penis ( pn ) located at proximal region, rounded, not extended basally ( Fig. 104C ); prefemur compressed dorsoventrally; remaining podomeres setose. GONOPODS . Gonocoxa ( gcx ) elongated, almost twice as long as telopodite, with the base slightly arched; antero-posteriorly flattened ( Fig. 104D–F ); with rows of papillae mesally. Seminal groove ( sg ) curved; arising medially on mesal cavity and terminating apically on the seminal apophysis ( sa ). Shoulder absent. Telopodite ( tp ) almost as wide as gcx ( Fig. 104D ); solenomere ( sl ) with apicomesal process ( amp ) rounded; ectal process ( ep ) short, nearly not distinguished from amp by inconspicuous notch; sa located at mesal portion, slightly visible apically. Internal branch ( ib ) subtriangular, narrow, surrounding basally tp as a shield; setae starting at midlength of ib exceeding seminal region of sl ( Fig. 104D–F ). VULVAE . As typical for the genus. Bursa subtriangular, glabrous ( Fig. 178G ); internal valve subtriangular, with mesal region rounded; operculum narrow, curved ectad; external valve wide, subtriangular. Distribution Known from the region of Iguaçu Falls and surrounding forests on the border of the Argentine province of Misiones, Paraguayan department of Alto Paraná, and the Brazilian state of Paraná ( Fig. 186 ). Comments Male syntypes from Alto dell’Iguazú and Puerto Bertoni described by Silvestri (1902) were not found. Nevertheless, syntypes from Bella Vista ( Fig. 105C ) and topotypes from Foz do Iguaçu were examined ( Fig. 105D ).