The medicinal plants of Myanmar Author DeFilipps, Robert A. Deceased Author Krupnick, Gary A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826 Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA krupnick@si.edu text PhytoKeys 2018 2018-06-28 102 1 341 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 1314-2003-102-1 AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67 1306325 Limonia acidissima L. Names. Myanmar : kwet , mak-pyen-sum , thi , san-phak (Kachin), sanut-khar (Mon), sansph-ka , thanakha , thi-ha-yaza . English : Chinese box tree, elephant apple, wood apple. Range . Widely distributed on all continents. In Myanmar, grows naturally in hot zone, in townships such as Pakokku, Myin-kyan, Pyay, Shwe-bo, Sagaing, Myaing, Nwa-hto-gyi, and Taungthar. Can also be found in some of the semi-desert dry and scrubby areas of Upper Myanmar. Uses. Bark : Used as a medication for biliousness. Leaf : Considered to be carminative. Used in treating epilepsy. Patients bathed in water the leaves have been boiled in and this is followed up by inducing a sweat. Leaves dried and made into a powder used to cure edema, sores and other diseases. Fruit : Considered to be stomachic. Used in making medicine for neutralizing poisons, strength-giving tonics, and high fevers. Root : Used in laxatives and medicines to induce sweating. Used as a purgative. Paste made of root, along with tumeric, used to treat female related disorders. Paste with salt used for tired sore muscles. Paste, together with water in which betle ( Piper betle ) leaves have been soaked, given to children with bronchitis. Licking 3 ticals (c. 30 g) of root powder mixed with sugar and honey used to neutralize toxins in the stomach. Taking 5 pei (1/16th tical) each of the root and pan-nu ( Hemistrepta lyratat or Saussurea affinis ) used to neutralize the venom of snakebites. Fruit : Tonic. Notes. In Indo-China the ripe fruit is cooling, astringent, tonic, "very efficacious" to treat salivation and ulcers in the mouth; a decoction of the aromatic leaves is taken as stomachic and carminative; the bark, chewed with that of Barringtonia acutangula , is applied to bites and stings, and also used to treat nausea; an infusion of the thorns with other ingredients is ingested as hemostatic to treat metrorrhagia ( Perry 1980 ). Marmosin has been isolated from the bark, feronialactones from the bark and roots, bergapten from the leaves, and stigmasterol from the leaves and unripe fruits ( Perry 1980 ). References. Agricultural Corporation (1980) , Perry (1980) .