Two new and one newly recorded species of Polypedilum Kieffer 1912 with DNA barcodes from Oriental China (Chironomidae: Diptera) Author Yan, Chuncai Author Song, Chao Author Liu, Ting Author Zhao, Guangjun Author Hou, Ziyuan Author Cao, Wei Author Wang, Xinhua text Zootaxa 2017 4238 1 109 118 journal article 36361 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.1.8 5d10251a-7abc-4e75-835d-c69c5a313de1 1175-5326 345047 CF050116-921C-4BB8-B146-5A3E598161E2 Polypedilum ( Uresipedilum ) paraconvictum Yamamoto, Yamamoto & Hirowatari ( Figure 5A–D , GenBank accession number KY570295 ) Polypedilum ( Uresipedilum ) paraconvictum Yamamoto, Yamamoto & Hirowatari, 2015 : 53 . Material examined . 1 Ƌ , China : Hainan Province , Jianfengling National Nature Reserve , 109.67°N , 18.29°E , 16. III. 2016 , Song C , light trap . Description. Male adult (n = 1). Total length 2.51 mm . Wing length 1.63 mm . Wing length/length of profemur 2.01. Coloration . Head pale brown, with brown antennal flagellums; Thorax light brown, Legs yellowish except tibia pale brown. Abdomen yellow ( Figure 5A ). Head . Frontal tubercles absent. AR 1.34. Ultimate flagellomere 495 µm long; Temporal setae 9 including 3 outer verticals, 4 inner verticals and 2 postorbitals; Clypeus with 13 setae; Tentorium 102 µm long, 25 µm wide. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 25; 32; 3rd–5th absent. Thorax . Dorsocentrals 13, including 3 humerals; acrostichals 9; prealars 3. Scutellum with 14 setae. Wing . VR 1.30. R2+3 adjacent to R1. R with 20, R1 with 12, R4+5 with 26 setae. Brachiolum without seta. Squama with 5 setae. Legs . Scale of fore tibia triangular, rounded, without apical short spur. Spur on median tibia 37 µm long, comb including 20 lateral teeth; un-spurred comb including 24 lateral teeth; spur on posterior tibia 40 µm long, comb including 16 lateral teeth, un-spurred comb including 16 lateral teeth. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 3 . TABLE 3. Lengths (in µm) and proportions of legs of P . ( U .) paraconvictum Yamamoto, Yamamoto & Hirowatari. Fe Ti Ta1 Ta2 Ta3 Ta4 P1 8 0 0 5 5 0 - - - - P2 810 645 355 205 150 95 P3 890 720 510 290 290 175 Ta5 W.Ti BR LR BV SV P1 - 4 4 - - - - P2 60 45 5.12 0.55 3.55 4.10 P3 75 45 3.80 0.71 2.55 3.16 Hypopygium ( Figures 5B–D ). Tergite IX with 5 median setae and laterosternite IX with 4 setae respectively. Anal point 30 µm long, parallel-sided with 5 µm wide in base, 2.5 µm wide at apex. Base of superior volsella, 25 µm long covered with microtrichiae, with 3 subapical inner setae and 1 apical out seta; apical projection, 26 µm long, nearly as long as basal portion, microtrichia-free and deeply curved ( Figure 5D ); Inferior volsella 72 µm long, with 6 dorsal setae. Phallapodeme 51 µm long; transverse sternapodeme 50 µm long. Gonocoxite 127 µm long. Gonostylus 125 µm long, semilunar like, with one apical seta and 6 setae on inner margin. HR 1.04. HV 1.97. FIGURE 5A–D. P . ( U .) paraconvictum Yamamoto , Yamamoto & Hirowatari . A—Body in ventral view; B—Dorsal view of hypopygium; C—Ventral view of hypopygium; D—Superior volsella. Remarks . The comparisons between Chinese specimen and Japanese ( Table 4 ) show most of characters are very close. Comparatively, Antenna Ratio of Chinese specimen is a little higher (1.34 vs 0.97–1.05); length of leg segments are larger than that of Japanese ( Table 4 ). The species is very close to Polypedilum ( Uresipedilum ) oresitrophum ( Skuse, 1889 ) . It can morphologically distinguished from the latter ( Saether et Oyewo 2008 : Fig 10E) by having microtrichia-free projection of superior volsella and a higher AR ( 0.6 in P . ( U .) oresitrophum ). Distribution . The species was erected by Yamamoto et al ., 2015 based on the specimen from Japan (Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa ). Chinese material was collected in Hainan Island (Oriental China ).