Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa Author Filander, Zoleka Author Griffiths, Charles text Zootaxa 2017 4296 1 1 72 journal article 32399 10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1 ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5 1175-5326 843325 EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC Prionocidaris pistillaris ( Lamarck, 1816 ) Fig. 16 A–C. Prionocidaris pistillaris : A. Agassiz, 1863 : 18 ; Mortensen, 1928a : 452 –456. Pl. XLIX. Pl. L. Pl. LI, Fig. 1 . Pl. LXXIII, Fig. 18 . Pl. LXXXVI, Figs 20–21 ; Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976 : 216 –217; Richmond, 1997 : 295 ; Samyn, 2003: 200, Figs 2 D, D’, D”; Branch et al ., 2010 : 236 , Fig. 106.1; Schultz, 2010 : 61 , Fig. 111. Cidaris sp.: Bell, 1904 : 168 . Prionocidaris baculosa : H.L. Clark, 1923 *: 370. Pl. XIII; H.L. Clark, 1924 : 1 . Prionocidaris baculosa var. lineata var. nov . : H.L. Clark, 1925a : 14 . FIGURE 16. Prionocidaris pistillaris . A . Map showing distribution. B . Side view of adult preserved specimen (SAMC- A23724 ). C. Side view of juvenile preserved specimen (MBC-A077755). Material examined. MBC-A023316; A22665; MBC-A077765; MBC-A077770; MBC-A077780; MBC- A077761; MBC-A077755; MBC-A077754; MBC-A077764; A23724 ; MBC-A077753; MBC-A077751; MBC- A077756; MBC-A077752; MBC-A077760; MBC-A077763; MBC-A077762; MBC-A077769; MBC-A077759; MBC-A077766; MBC-A077758; MBC-A077757; MBC-A077757. Identification. Test circular, tubercles not crenulated, pores distinctively conjugated. Apical disc tuberculated, tubercles along inner edge of genital plates appearing larger, oculars insert. Well-developed peristome. Primary spines uniformly set with thorns, becoming small towards end of the shaft; collar striped. Scrobicular spines having rounded point, miliary rather adpressed. Global maximum size. Maximum test diameter 60 mm . Global distribution. Kenya (Samyn 2003), Mauritius , Seychelles , Madagascar and East Africa from Tanzania to East coast of South Africa ( Schultz 2010 ); from littoral to 200 m depth. Remarks. Iziko Museum samples identified through this study document a 109 m depth extension from the previously known maximum depth of 91 m , to 200 m . Adults and juveniles differ in appearance, juveniles having fewer spines and being more vivid in color ( Branch et al . 2010 ). Species similar to Plococidaris verticillata in oculars being insert, distinguished from one another in the spines, where P. verticillata has distinct whorls and P. pistillaris has a striped collar.