<strong> New records of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Scotia Arc </ strong>
Author
Rodríguez, Estefanía
erodriguez@amnh.org
Author
López-González, Pablo J.
erodriguez@amnh.org
text
Zootaxa
2013
2013-03-11
3624
1
1
100
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3624.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3624.1.1
1175-5326
5260912
940B865F-D618-49E0-8762-9986F55F5F10
Hormathia armata
Rodríguez & López-González, 2001
(
Figs. 41–42
; Appx. 1, 2)
Hormathia armata:
Rodríguez & López-González 2001
.
MATERIAL EXAMINED
Polarstern
ANT XV/3:
stn. PS48/050
(
NHM
: 2000.2908–2909,
2 specimens
;
SMNH
:
General
coll. nº30621,
1 specimen
); s
tn. PS48/071
(
ZMH
: C-11656,
Holotype
);
stn. PS48/100
(
NHM
: 2000.2910–2911,
2 specimens
)
;
stn. PS48/189
(
ZMH
: C-11657,
3 paratypes
)
;
stn. PS48/194
(
SMNH
:
General
coll., nº30620,
2 specimens
)
;
stn. PS48/ 209
(
BEIM
: ANT-195
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS48/220
(
BEIM
: ANT-196,
2 specimens
)
;
stn. PS48/222
(
ZMH
: C- 11658,
2 paratypes
)
.
Polarstern
ANT
XVII/3
:
stn. PS56/111–18
(
BEIM
: ANT-198,
1 specimen
;
BEIM
: ANT-199,
1 specimen
);
stn. PS56/111–7
(
BEIM
: ANT-197,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS56/119–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-201,
1 paratype
; NHM- 2000.2907,
1 paratype
;
RMNH
: Coel. 24700,
1 paratype
; SMNH-Type nº 5263,
2 paratypes
;
BEIM
: ANT-200,
7 specimens
;
BEIM
: ANT-202,
2 specimens
;
BEIM
: ANT-203,
1 specimen
;
BEIM
: ANT-204,
1 specimen
;
RMNH
: Coel. 24699,
4 specimens
)
;
stn. PS56/122–2
(
BEIM
: ANT-205,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS56/124–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-206,
2 specimens
)
.
Polarstern
ANT
XIX/3
:
stn. PS61/059–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4087,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS61/064–1
(
BEIM
: ANT- 4093,
4 specimens
)
;
stn. PS61/069–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4086,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS61/070–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4071,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS61/104–1
(AMNH-4139,
1 specimen
).
Polarstern
ANT
XXI/2
:
stn. PS65/039–1
(AMNH-4812,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS65/121–1
(AMNH-4804,
1 specimen
; AMNH-4817,
1 specimen
; AMNH-4922,
1 specimen
; AMNH-4935,
1 specimen
; AMNH-4937,
5 specimens
);
stn. PS65/237–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4854,
1 specimen
)
;
stn. PS65/265–1
(AMNH-4888,
2 specimens
);
stn. PS65/276–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4873,
1 specimen
;
BEIM
: ANT-4871,
1 specimen
;
BEIM
: ANT-4976,
4 specimens
; AMNH-4869,
3 specimens
;
BEIM
: ANT-4870,
1 specimen
) (
BEIM
: ANT-4975,
4 specimens
)
;
stn. PS65/280–1
(
BEIM
: ANT-4822,
2 specimens
)
;
stn. PS65/336–1
(AMNN-4940,
2 specimens
).
Polarstern
ANT
XXIII/8
:
stn. PS69/603–5
(AMNH-6009,
1 specimen
)
.
COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED
Cereus spinosus
Hertwig, 1882
. NHM 1890.7.23.1.
Syntype
. “
Challenger cruise
, stn. 157,
53º55’S
108º35’E
, 1950 fm,
3 March 1874
”.
Phellia pectinata
Hertwig, 1882
. NHM 1889.11.25.18.
Holotype
. ”
Challenger cruise
, stn. 307,
49º24’S
74º23’W
, 147 fm,
4 January 1876
”. Remarks: currently
Hormathia pectinata
(Hertwig, 1882)
.
FIGURE 42.
External anatomy of
Hormathia armata
Rodríguez & López-González, 2001
. a) Oral view of living specimen. b) Lateral view of living specimen [BEIM (ANT-202)]. c) Lateral view of the holotype [ZMH C11656]. d) Detail of the flattened and hooked tubercles [ZMH C11656]. e) Detail of the distal column showing part of the crown of flattened and hooked tubercles, and the pyramidal and pointed tubercles [ZMH C11657]. f) Lateral view of preserved paratypes [ZMH C11657]. g) Oral view of preserved paratype [ZMH C11657]. Scale bars: a–b, 20 mm; c, f–g, 30 mm; d, 6 mm; e, 5 mm.
DIAGNOSIS
Pedal disc well developed, wide, with well-developed basilar muscles, to
40 mm
diameter, often attached to rocks. Column thick and tough, cylindrical in expanded specimens and conical in contracted ones; to
30 mm
diameter and
80 mm
height in preserved specimens, divisible into scapus and scapulus. Scapus reticulate, covered in rectangular tubercles in proximal half of the column, pyramidal and pointed in shape in distal half. Scapus with a distinct crown of 12 flattened and hooked tubercles distally. Scapus with well-developed thin cuticle. Scapulus smooth. Oral disc flat, wider than column and pedal disc, almost covered completely by tentacles. Oral disc and tentacles whitish in living material, brownish or yellowish in preserved material; white marks around mouth cone, and tentacles of fourth cycle with white V-shaped marks at base on oral side. Tentacles of the last cycles with small white marks at base on aboral side. Tentacles smooth, to 96, tapered and relatively long in expanded specimens. Marginal sphincter muscle mesogleal moderately strong, diffuse and long. Equal number of mesenteries proximally and distally. Mesenteries hexamerously arranged in four cycles, only first cycle perfect and sterile. Retractor muscles diffuse but strong; parietobasilar muscles well developed but not forming mesogleal pennon. Longitudinal muscles of tentacles ectodermal. Acontia with only basitrichs. Cnidom: Spirocysts, basitrichs, and microbasic
p
-mastigophores. For detailed information on
Hormathia armata
,
see
Rodríguez & López-González (2001)
.
GEOGRAPHIC AND BATHYMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
Hormathia armata
has been reported only in the eastern Weddell Sea, between
65–444 m
depth (
Rodríguez & López-González 2001
). However, the material from this study extended the geographic and bathymetric distribution of the species to north of Antarctic Peninsula, Elephant and South
Shetland islands
and the Drake Passage, between
65–454 m
depth.
Hormathia armata
is an Antarctic endemic species from continental shelf depths (
Fig. 41b
).