Revision of the genus Adelogorgia Bayer, 1958 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) with the description of three new species Author Breedy, Odalisca text Zootaxa 2018 2018-01-05 4369 3 327 348 journal article 31070 10.11646/zootaxa.4369.3.2 46e89323-2930-4b98-a26b-4ef7cd978a1f 1175-5326 1135792 4939D717-EC0A-488C-86C7-62D0BD2F976F Adelogorgia telones Bayer, 1978 Figs. 4-6 , 3B Adelogorgia telones Bayer, 1978: 1027 –1033; Breedy et al. 2009 : 28 . Material examined. Holotype : USNM 57453 , ethanol preserved, Kicker Rock , Galápagos Islands , Ecuador , 23m deep, D. Hope , 19 February 1978 . Paratypes : USNM 57454, 57455 data as the holotype . Diagnosis. Colonies flabellate, branching mostly lateral, without anastomoses. Branches of nearly uniform thickness 2.5–3.5 mm in diameter with clavate tips about 1 mm greater, up to 4.6 mm in diameter. End branches 0.4–4 cm long ( Fig. 4 A-B, 6A-B). Axes of gorgonin layers, loculi between lamellae and central core with complex meshes of not mineralised filaments ( Fig. 3B ). Polyps distributed all around the branches, 1.5-2.2 mm apart ( Fig. 4B , 6B ). Anthocodia with approximately 15–20 slightly curved spinous rods in points, 0.16–0.31 mm long and small curved rods from oral disk ( Fig. 5 A-B). Polyp mounds flat, blending with the adjacent coenenchyme ( Fig. 4B , 6B ), without a special type of sclerites but mostly containing leaf clubs and spindles. Coenenchyme with double discs with serrate edges or foliate crests, 0.06–0.1 mm long and 0.06–0.08 mm wide ( Fig. 5G ); tuberculate spindles, 0.11–0.16 mm long and 0.06–0.085 mm wide ( Fig. 5 D-E), and leaf clubs 0.13–0.17 mm long and 0.032– 0.06 mm wide ( Fig. 5C ). Axial sheath containing less developed spindles, radiates and capstans 0.06–0.09 mm long and 0.05–0.07 mm wide ( Fig. 5F ). FIGURE 5. Adelogorgia telones , USNM 57455 (lemon-yellow paratype) SEM micrographs. (A) anthocodial rods; (B) oral disc rod; (C) leaf clubs; (D) spindles; (E) immature spindles from inner coenenchyme; (F) radiates; (G) double-discs. FIGURE 6. Adelogorgia telones , USNM 57454 (white paratype) (A) colony; (B) detail of the branches; (C) sclerites. Colony colours, white, or lemon–yellow ( Figs. 4A–B , 6A–B ). Sclerite colours, whitish and transparent, or yellow or ( Figs. 4C , 6C ). Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Kicker Rock, the Galápagos Islands . No specimens of this species have been recovered since the initial description of the species ( Breedy et al. 2009 ). Variability. The species was described from three specimens (two white and one lemon-yellow) ( Figs. 4 , 6 ), measuring 7.5–10 cm long and 9–11 cm wide. The only difference despite the colour is that in the lemon-yellow variety, the anthocodial sclerites are larger than in the two white specimens, reaching up to 0.31 mm long. Remarks. This species is separated from the others by its thick branches and especially the colours of colonies and sclerites, because none of the other four species have white or lemon-yellow colonies. The polyp-mounds are almost flat in A. phyllosclera . This means that when polyps retract, they are completely flush with the surrounding coenenchymal surface or form a low coenenchymal rim ( Bayer 1979 ). Differences between this species and the others are shown in Tables 1 and 2 .