Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Camponotus grandidieri and niveosetosus species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology Author Rakotonirina, Jean Claude Author Csősz, Sándor Author Fisher, Brian L. text Zootaxa 2017 2017-03-03 4238 2 203 245 journal article 36356 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.2.2 0a267faa-8b7b-44e9-abf3-fb0902f6a0d7 1175-5326 345233 1030F6ED-734A-44C1-9D9C-BC94BCB7A6CD Camponotus auropubens Forel ( Figures 10 A, 11, 19) Camponotus foraminosus auropubens Forel, 1894 : 67 . Lectotype major worker, Mozambique , Delagoa Bay [ Maputo ] ( Liengme ), AntWeb CASENT0910475 ( MHNG ) [examined] . Paralectotype worker of same data as lectotype but with specimen code: CASENT0911819 ( NHMB ) [examined]. [As subspecies of Camponotus foraminosus ; Emery, 1896 : 376 ; Wheeler, 1922c : 250 ; of Camponotus grandidieri: Mayr, 1895 : 150 . Raised to species: Santschi, 1915 : 267 ; Arnold, 1924 : 728 ; Emery, 1925 : 131 . Combination in Camponotus (Myrmotrema) : Santschi, 1914 : 41 ; Wheeler, 1922b : 979 ; Emery, 1925 : 131 ; Bolton, 1995 : 131 ]. Camponotus foraminosus aldabrensis Forel, 1897 : 203 . Lectotype minor worker, Seychelles, Aldabra (Voeltzkow), AntWeb CASENT0172791 (MCZC) [examined]. [As subspecies of Camponotus auropubens: Santschi, 1915 : 267 ; of Camponotus foraminosus : Wheeler, 1922a : 1050 . Combination in Camponotus (Myrmotrema) : Santschi, 1915 : 267 ; Wheeler, 1922a : 1050 Emery, 1925 : 131 .]. Syn. n. Camponotus foraminosus aldabrensis var. fryeri Forel, 1912 : 166 . Workers, Seychelles, Aldabra (Fryer). Unavailable name. Camponotus olivieri subsp. freyeri Santschi, 1915 : 270 . First available use of Camponotus foraminosus aldabrensis var. fryeri Forel, 1912 : 166 . Lectotype minor worker, present designation , Seychelles , Aldabra (Fryer) AntWeb CASENT0910490 ( MHNG ) [examined] . Paralectotype workers, with same data as lectotype, but major CASENT0910489 ( MHNG ), minor CASENT0104617 ( ZMHB ) [examined]. Syn. n. Diagnosis. Body color black. A few pairs of whitish erect hairs confined to posteromedian portion of head; gap between two hairs on promesonotum usually larger than length of hair. Erect hairs on uppermost portion of petiolar node, posterodorsal angle of propodeum and junction between lateral propodeal surface and declivity shorter than distance between posteroventral angle of mesosoma and propodeal spiracle. Description. Minor worker. In full-face view head small (CS: 1.36±0.14; 1.19 – 1.70) and longer than broad (CWb/CL: 0.88±0.03; 0.84 – 0.92), lateral margins roughly straight and slightly converging anteriorly; posterior margin more or less convex. Median portion of clypeus transversely trapezoidal (ClyL/GPD: 0.70±0.03; 0.65 – 0.79). Eyes rarely breaking lateral outlines of head, their posterior level located at posterior fifth portion of head (PoOc/CL: 0.19±0.01; 0.18 – 0.21). Anterior clypeal margin truncate with blunt lateral angle; posterior margin weakly notched medially. Mandible triangular, masticatory margin with six sharp teeth. Antennal scape long, roughly its apical third portion extending beyond posterior cephalic border. In lateral view, promesonotal dorsum generally convex, without anterior and dorsolateral margination; propodeal dorsum straight and inclined posteriorly. In dorsal view, mesosoma widest at level of pronotum and decreasing in width towards propodeal declivity; propodeum tapering dorsally. Opening of propodeal spiracle slitlike. Petiolar node flattened anteroposteriorly and tapering dorsally. Tibial spurs of middle and hind legs pectinate. Dorsum of head and mesosoma with much finer and denser reticulate punctures than lateral portion. Gastral tergites finely and densely reticulate-punctate. Mandible imbricate-punctate. Whitish erect hairs thinner on dorsum of head and promesonotum, becoming thicker on propodeum, petiolar node, and gastral segments. Composition of hairs: a few pairs on median portion of head from clypeus to near posterior cephalic margin; pronotum with a few pairs, mesonotum with one to three pairs, propodeal dorsum and junction of lateral propodeal surface and declivity with scattered hairs. Posterodorsal angle of propodeum, junction between lateral propodeal surface, and declivity and dorsalmost posterolateral margin of petiolar node with whitish erect hairs shorter than distance between opening of propodeal spiracle and posteroventral angle of mesosoma. Pubescence on dorsum of body longer than distance between hairs; pubescence present on upper half of mesopleuron. Body color black and more or less matte; appendages basally reddish or dark brown, apical portion and antennae brown to light brown. Major worker. Characteristics of minor worker, except: head much larger and subquadrate (CS: 1.98±0.32; 1.54 – 2.41; CWb/CL: 1.02±0.07; 0.91 – 1.10); lateral margins broadly convex. Mandible more strongly built. Median portion of clypeus elongate and more rectangular (ClyL/GPD: 0.88±0.07; 0.78 – 0.97; ClyL/CL: 0.37±0.11; 0.32 – 0.61). Eyes located medially farther from lateral border of head (CWb/CL: 1.02±0.07; 0.91 – 1.10; CW/CL: 0.90±0.04; 0.86 – 0.97), their posterior margins level at posterior fourth of head capsule (PoOc/CL: 0.22±0.02; 0.19 – 0.26). Roughly one fourth of apical portion of scape extending beyond posterior cephalic margin. In dorsal view, metanotal groove slightly impressed; metanotum not visible. Sculpture of lateral portion of head from near base of mandible, along level of frontal carina to near posterior cephalic margin imbricate, superimposed with larger punctures that are equipped with two to five smaller punctures from which one appressed hair arises. Whitish erect hairs numerous on promesonotum. Basal portion of legs and mandibles reddish to dark brown; apical portion and antenna much lighter in color. Remarks. Individual workers of C. auropubens are difficult to separate from those of C. grandidieri by visual inspection of body shape. This is indicated by the overlap of the ratio values between the measured morphological characters (See Table 1 ). However, careful observation of the patterns of erect hairs on the dorsum of the body indicates that the latter species has longer erect hairs on the uppermost portion of the petiolar node, posterodorsal angle of propodeum, and junction between lateral propodeal surface and declivity. These hairs are longer than the distance between the posteroventral angle of the mesosoma and the propodeal spiracle. The NC-Clustering technique demonstrates that the morphological distinction between C. auropubens and C. grandidieri is corroborated by the partitioning method using hclust and kmeans algorithms to find the possible number of clusters. Camponotus auropubens is 100% successfuly classified by confirmatory LDA. FIGURE 11. Camponotus auropubens minor worker CASENT0133774. A: lateral view. B: head in full-face view. C: dorsal view. Distribution and biology. Camponotus auropubens is widespread in the Afrotropics. In the Malagasy region, it is known from Madagascar and Seychelles . In Madagascar , the species has been found only from the north of the island, on the coastal scrub of Sakalava bay, the dry forest of the Montagne Français and Joffre Ville. In Seychelles , the species occurs in casuarina forest, coastal scrub, and along lowland coastal areas of some of the Aldabra and Cosmoledo atolls. The species nests in rotten logs and forages on the ground in these habitats. Additional material examined. MADAGASCAR : Province Antsiranana : Baie Sakalava , -12.2733, 49.39064, 10 m , coastal scrub, ( B.L. Fisher et al. ) ( CASC ) ; Antsiranana , 7 km N Joffre Ville [camp 2 of Fisher ], - 12.33333, 49.25, 360 m , in forest, ( Irwin , Schlinger , Harin'H) ( CASC ) ; Montaigne Francais , -12.325, 49.33333, 150 m , along forested limestone ridge, (R. Harin'Hala) ( CASC ); SEYCHELLES : Mahe , ( Grandidier ) ( ZMHB ) ; Aldabra , ( Fryer ) ( ZMHB ); Aldabra Atoll, Malabar Island , -9.37417, 46.43852 , 5 m , casuarina forest, (S.M. Goodman) (CASC); Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], Bary next to the house, Pointe Sicon , -9.73528, 47.64778, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coraline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo Atoll [ Wizard Island ], Bary place next to the camp ( 50m ), -9.7425, 47.65167, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ), Cosmoledo Atoll [ Wizard Island ], Casuarina forest , 200m from the camp, -9.74, 47.65333, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, (G. Galman) (CASC); Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], Mapou ( Pisonia grandis) forest, -9.75806, 47.63778, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], next to bois matelot, in front of the ocean, sand, -9.76028, 47.64194, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coraline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], on the dune, grass, -9.75611, 47.64667, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], on the dune, next to Pemphis , - 9.75444, 47.64806, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo Atoll [Wizard Island ], on the dune, next to Tournefortia argentea , -9.75306, 47.64889, < 10 m , lowland coastal, coralline island, ( G. Galman ) ( CASC ) ; Cosmoledo : Menai ( J. Gerlach ) ( CASC ) ; Grande Ile , Cosmoledo ( J. Gerlach ) ( CASC ) .