Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Bathygadus antrodes ( Jordan and Gilbert, 1904) Melanobranchus antrodes Jordan and Gilbert, 1904:606–607, pl. 4, fig. 7. ( holotype : USNM 50932 , 265 TL, Sagami Bay , Japan , 501–749 fm [ 916–1,370 m ], Albatross sta. 3696; other spec. from Sagami and Suruga bays, 480–677 fm [ 878–1238 m ]). Bathygadus antrodes : Gilbert and Hubbs, 1916:149–150 ( 16 spec. , 9 local. off Honshu I., Japan ; 440–712 fm [ 805–1,302 m ]).— Okamura, 1970:30–33 , pl. XI, text-fig. 16 (descr.; 15 spec. ; Japan ); Okamura, 1984:197 , 356, fig. 138 (descr. in Japanese and English; 4 spec. ; s. Japan , Okinawa Trough, 792– 1,200 m ).— Howes and Crimmen, 1990:191 ( USNM spec.; s. Japan ). Sazonov 1994:100–101 , fig. 1 ( 5 spec. , Nintoku Seamount [on Emperor Seamounts chain]; 1120–1160 m ).— Chiou et al., 2004b:39 . fig. 5 ( 2 spec. , NET ; one spec. we currently re-identify as B. garretti ).— Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 ( 19 spec. , NET , SWT , SET , SCS ). MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 7 spec. ).— NET : ASIZP 61225 (1, 635 TL); Da-xi . SCS : ASIZP 65515 (1, 66.8 HL, 350 TL); CD 322, 1098 m ; ASIZP 65633 (2, 150–375+ TL); CD 229, 880– 1062 m . SET : ASIZ 67033 (1, 78.1 HL, 367+ TL); CP 350, 1148 m ; ASIZP 66100 (1, 62 HL, 310 TL); CD 322, 1098 m ; ASIZP 66110 (1, 73.1 HL, 377+ TL); CD 322, 1098 m . DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— A species of Bathygadus with no scales on gular membrane; chin barbel absent; dorsal profile behind head elevated, nape somewhat humpbacked; 1D II7–9; P i14–i18; V 8–9; GR 5–6+18–20; pyl. caeca 10–18*; interorbital width 31–36% HL; orbit diameter 18–22%; upper jaw length 53–64%; filamentous rays of 1D, P, and V when intact slightly longer than head.* Head bones and integument notably thin and fragile. Color overall dark; fins, head, abdomen, mouth, and gill cavity usually black. (* indicates data from Gilbert and Hubbs, 1916). DISTRIBUTION .— From n. part of Japan (Tohoku region of Honshu Is.) s. to Taiwan ( NET , SET , SCS ) and on Emperor Seamounts Chain (at 40°05ʹN, 170°43ʹE), from about 800 to 1370 m . REMARKS .— Chiou et al. (2004b:39 , 42, fig. 5) recorded this species from Taiwan based on two specimens , but we re-identified one of them ( ASIZP 61226) as B. garretti . Bathygadus antrodes is closely similar to B. bowersi ( Gilbert, 1905 ) from Hawaii and to B. spongiceps Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920 from the Philippines and Indonesia . Characters used to distinguish the three are minimal and need to be further supported. A closer comparison with many more specimens from throughout the western and central Pacific should prove fruitful.