Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Sphagemacrurus pumiliceps ( Alcock 1894 ) Figures 23A–B . Macrurus pumilicep s Alcock 1894:125 ( Laccadive Sea; 1,315 m ). Lionurus pumiliceps : Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920:559, 560 (Philippine and East Indies, 732–1646 m ). Sphagemacrurus pumiliceps : Iwamoto, 1990:288 (in key).— Iwamoto and Merrett, 1997:549 ( 28 spec. , sw. Pacific).— Iwamoto and Williams, 1999:210 (descr., 4 spec. , Western Australia , 882–1880 m ).— Merrett and Iwamoto, 2000:773 ( 24 spec. , sw. Pacific).— Iwamoto et al., 2004:199 ( 1 spec. , Walters Shoals, sw. Indian Ocean , 1310– 1265 m ).— Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 (listed; Taiwan [ ET , SCS ], 736–1188 m ) . MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 6 spec. ).— NET : ASIZP 65551 (1, 36.9 HL, 265+ TL), CD 199, 1134–1188 m . SCS : ASIZP 65558 (1, 26.6 HL, 140+ TL), CD 134, 736– 1040 m ; ASIZP 66905 (3, 23.8–29.0 HL, 112+-202+ TL), CD 322, 1098 m . DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II,10–11; P i20–i23; V 11–14; inner GR-I 8–11 total; scale rows below 2D 7–10; pyl. caeca 10–12. Snout length 29–37% HL; interorbital 23–27%; orbit 31–37%; suborbital 18–21%; postorbital 40–44%; orbit-preopercle 36–43; upper jaw 36–39%; barbel 17–20%. Body relatively deep, about equal to HL; head about 7.5 in TL [all our specimens have a broken tail]; mouth rather small, upper jaw extends posteriorly to under midorbit; barbel well developed, about half diameter of orbit; underside of head mostly scaled except ventrally on snout and suborbital margin; body scales with short fine spinules arranged in about 5–8 parallel rows. Outer ray of V slightly prolonged, its tip extending to A origin or substantially beyond (to as far as 10 th A ray). Periproct broad, abutting A origin posteriorly, spanning about 2 ⁄ 3 distance between V and A. Attains about 27 cm TL. (Data from Taiwan specimens only.) DISTRIBUTION .— Widely distributed in the w. Pacific from se. Australia to Taiwan , in 732–1880 m ; also found through most of Indian Ocean, where species was originally described. The ASIZ specimens, captured in 736–1188 m off Taiwan , were the first recorded from the area ( Shao et al., 2008 ) and extend the range to n. of the Philippines . REMARKS .— The reportedly wide distribution of this species and the variation in certain features found by Iwamoto and Williams (2001:211–212) suggest that more than one species may be currently recognized under this name.