First records and two new species of sipunculans (Sipuncula) from the Southern Mexican Pacific Author Silva-Morales, Itzahí ADA5A4BD-EB4E-47E3-A6A7-D3E1FDA64ED3 0000-0002-0796-0667 División de Posgrado, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. itzahi_marley.gwn@hotmail.com Author Gómez-Vásquez, Julio D. BD3A3DE1-21F5-4B54-A707-361BE8E90DB9 Laboratorio de Sistemática de Invertebrados Marinos (LABSIM), Universidad del Mar campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel, Pochutla, Oaxaca 70902, Mexico. gomezvjuliod@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-03-25 740 1 77 117 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1283 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1283 504278d0-5689-4adb-9350-3e97392bfbf0 2118-9773 4643194 07F1B593-9F4F-4B32-88D9-ADC5CA0BEB84 Phascolosoma ( Phascolosoma ) puntarenae (Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1858 ), reinstatement Fig. 7 Phascolosoma puntarenae Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1858: 13 ( type locality: Puntarenas , Costa Rica ). Phascolosoma puntarenae – Fisher 1952: 430–432 , pl. 36, figs 1–2, pl. 37, figs 1–3, pl. 39, fig. 3 (from Gulf of California to Panama , in rocks). Phascolosoma puntarena – Brusca 1980: 127 (Gulf of California , in rocks). Phascolosoma nigrescens (non Keferstein, 1865 ) – Cutler et al . 1992: 154–156 ( Costa Rica , in tidal pools and under rocks). — Dean 2001: 63 (Pacific of Costa Rica ). — Dean et al . 2010: 63 (Cocos Island, Costa Rica , in calcareous rock, 0–15 m ). Material examined MEXICO – Guerrero • 1; Roqueta Island ; 16°49′19″ N , 99°54′17″ W ; 21 Sep. 2006 ; in sabellariid tubes; UMAR-SIPU 021 • 1; La Quebrada ; 16°50′44″ N , 99°54′54″ W ; 26 Sep. 2007 ; depth 15 m , in Pinctada mazatlantica ; SGM leg.; UMAR-SIPU 022 • 3; Barra de Potosí ; 17°32′19″ N , 101°26′36″ W ; 3 Dec. 2010 ; SGG leg.; UMAR-SIPU 023 . – Oaxaca • 1; Puerto Escondido ; 15°51′34″ N , 97°03′50″ W ; 4 Jul. 2004 ; SS leg.; UMAR-SIPU 0242 • Estacahuite Beach ; 15°40′05″N , 96°28′53″W ; 10 Sep. 2005 ; in dead coral; UMAR-SIPU 025 • 1; Chachacual Bay , Jicaral Beach ; 15°42′39″ N , 96°12′11″ W ; 14 Dec. 2006 ; TRC leg.; depth 1 m , in dead coral; UMAR-SIPU 026 • 1; San Agustín Bay ; 15°41′21″ N , 96°14′11″ W ; 10 Feb. 2007 ; depth 15.3 m , in Porites ; UMAR-SIPU 027 • 3; Puerto Ángel Bay ; 15°39′56″ N , 96°29′29″ W ; 28 Apr. 2008 ; TFG leg.; in dead coral; UMAR-SIPU 028 • 1; Panteón Beach ; 15°39′50″ N , 96°29′42″ W ; 27 May 2008 ; MLY leg.; depth 3 m ; UMAR-SIPU 030 • 1 ; La Montosa Island ; 15°45′57″ N , 96°05′03″ W ; 22 Feb. 2010 ; RGF and SGG leg.; depth 3.5 m ; UMAR-SIPU 031 • 3; Camarón Beach ; 15°39′45″ N , 96°31′33″ W ; 6 Apr. 2013 ; in dead coral; UMAR-SIPU 032 • 3; Cerro Hermoso Beach ; 15°58′08″ N , 97°32′06″ W ; 29 Apr. 2014 ; UMAR-SIPU 033 . Description Trunk 10 mm in length ( Fig. 7A ). Light brown trunk with uniform dome-shaped papillae, some with black pigment randomly distributed ( Fig. 7D–E ). Introvert with bands of dark pigmentation and more than 100 complete and incomplete rings of hooks. Hooks with clear streak expanded near midpoint of vertical and middle of horizontal portions ( Fig. 7F–G ). Secondary tooth almost indistinct, protuberance of streak short. Fourteen tentacles encircling nuchal organ ( Fig. 7C ). Longitudinal muscles of body wall gathered into anastomosing bands. Four retractor muscles. Nephridia about 40% of trunk length, open at same level as anus ( Fig. 7B ). Spindle muscle attached posteriorly. Remarks Cutler & Cutler (1990) considered Phascolosoma ( P. ) puntarenae from Puntarenas , Costa Rica , as a synonym of P. ( P. ) nigrescens from Fiji . Nevertheless, we found a difference between the hooks of the type material of P. nigrescens illustrated by Selenka (1883) and those in the illustrations of Fisher (1952) of P. puntarenae from Baja California, Costa Rica and Panama . The hooks of P. nigrescens have a conspicuous secondary tooth and the protuberance of the streak is a sharp point, whereas the hooks of P. puntarenae do not have a well-developed secondary tooth and the protuberance of the streak is a flattened point ( Fig. 8F–G ). Habitat Intertidal to subtidal ( 15 m ); in sabellariid tubes, as epibionts of Pinctada mazatlanica , in dead coral and in Porites . Distribution From the Gulf of California to Panama .