Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Author Roman, Bruna Emilia São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Author Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian 0000-0002-6250-0794 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. & lilian. madi @ unesp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6250 - 0794 lilian.madi@unesp.br text Zootaxa 2021 2021-11-05 5061 3 523 544 journal article 3564 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7 c4a3ab5c-5976-4f9b-a21c-d4903aca6390 1175-5326 5649958 8C2F06C6-BF5C-450F-8098-66CEE68709BC Drosophila saltans Sturtevant, 1916 ( Fig. 2 ) Non-type material. Strain S 4 ( San Jose , Costa Rica ): 60 males dissected . Male terminalia. The hypandrium of this species is very similar to that of D. prosaltans , however, the median gonocoxites, where the hypandrial bristles are inserted, are more rounded, in addition to being smoother and slightly grooved ( Fig. 2A, B ). In the phallus, the aedeagal apex ( Fig. 2A–E ) is more flattened than D. prosaltans ; it displays longer bristles-like structures ( Fig. 2E ), instead of scales ( D. prosaltans ), projecting a punctiform region due to the number of long bristles. The aedeagal sheath is smooth, with a strongly serrated edge ( Fig. 2C–E ). The aedeagal ventral processes ( Fig. 2B, C, E ) are short and curved backward. The ventral postgonites are long and extend in parallel across the ventral region of the aedeagus ( Fig. 2B, C, E ). The pregonites are elongated and curved inward; they extend from the insertion of the phallapodeme to the middle ventral region of aedeagus and each pregonite carries two smaller bristles ( Fig. 2C ).