Four new species of Utivarachna Kishida, 1940 (Araneae: Trachelidae) from Sumatra
Author
Dhiya’Ulhaq, Naufal Urfi
0000-0001-6563-4643
Department of Animal Ecology, J. - F. Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
naufalurfi.du@gmail.com
Author
Dupérré, Nadine
Centre for Taxonomy and Morphology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany & American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, United States of America
Author
Buchori, Damayanti
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia & Centre for Transdisciplinary and Sustainability Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Author
Scheu, Stefan
Department of Animal Ecology, J. - F. Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany & Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Göttingen, Germany
Author
Drescher, Jochen
0000-0002-5162-9779
Department of Animal Ecology, J. - F. Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
jochen.drescher@biologie.uni-goettingen.de
text
Zootaxa
2024
2024-03-04
5418
5
551
575
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.6
journal article
290199
10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.6
40fd70f2-37f9-42be-8ae8-97be12bf3b58
1175-5326
10780063
8681F446-C4A0-466F-A763-57F426B14523
Utivarachna balonku
Dhiya’ulhaq & Dupérré
,
sp. nov.
Figs 3–6
Type material.
Holotype
♂
:
SUMATRA
:
Jambi Province
:
Lubuk Kepayang
,
Air Hitam
,
Sarolangun
(2013_BR4.1_ AraTrac001N), canopy fogging in rubber plantation,
02°06’36.0”S
,
102°46’22.4”E
, altitude
54 m
,
3.XII.2013
, leg.
J. Drescher
(
MZB
).
Paratypes
:
SUMATRA
:
Jambi Province
:
1♀
,
Singkawang
,
Muara Bulian
,
Batang Hari
(2013_HR4.2_ AraTrac001N), canopy fogging in rubber plantation,
01°48’18.3”S
,
103°15’52.0”E
, altitude
51 m
,
17.XI.2013
, leg.
J. Drescher
(
MZB
)
;
1♂
,
Sungkai
,
Bajubang
,
Batang Hari
(2013_HR3.1_AraTrac001N), canopy fogging in rubber plantation,
01°51’36.5”S
,
103°18’00.6”E
, altitude
41 m
,
13.XI.2013
, leg.
J. Drescher
(
ZMH-A0023858
)
.
Etymology.
The specific name is taken from the Indonesian children’s song
Balonku Ada Lima
(“I have five balloons”), created by Pak Kasur and modified into its popular version by A.T. Mahmud. It alludes to the inflated tegulum of the male palp. Noun in apposition.
Diagnosis.
This species belongs to the
phyllicola
-group based on the inflated tegulum and bursae located distantly from the spermathecae, close to the pedicel. Males of this species are most similar to those of
U. gui
,
U. rimba
sp. nov.
and
U. phyllicola
but can be distinguished from
U. gui
and
U. rimba
sp. nov.
by the much more inflated tegulum, obstructing the RTA in ventral view, as well as having a longer distal, filiform part of embolus (
Fig. 4
), whereas in the latter two species the RTA is visible ventrally (
Jin
et al.
2015
, fig. 8D, 11); from
U. phyllicola
by the wider, shorter RTA, reaching only the middle of the bulb (
Figs 4C, E
) (versus almost reaching the anterior end of the bulb in
U. phyllicola
,
Fig. 9C
). Females of this species are most similar to those of
U. gui
and
U. rimba
sp. nov.
by the slender copulatory ducts and u-shaped medial part of connecting ducts but can be distinguished from those of
U. gui
by the much larger scutum covering almost half of the dorsal abdomen surface (
Fig. 5A
) (versus scutum covering only a small part anteriorly in
U. gui
(
Jin
et al.
2015
: fig. 7A); larger spermathecae (
Figs 6B, 6C
) as well as the shorter copulatory ducts, being roughly two times the length of spermathecae (versus three times the length of spermatheca in
U. gui
; Jin,
et al.
2015: fig. 8F); and from females of
U. rimba
sp. nov.
by the pear-shaped spermathecae (
Figs 6B, C
) (versus almost tube-shaped in
U. rimba
sp. nov
.
,
Figs 13B, C
).
Description. Male (
Holotype
). Total length 3.40. Carapace length 1.75; width 1.29. Carapace oval, darkbrown, strongly sclerotized, surface granulated, with each granule ending in long, white setae, lateral margin vaguely undulating; fovea indistinct; PER longer than AER, both slightly recurved (
Fig. 1A
); clypeus short, with slight projection between chelicerae. Eye diameters: AME 0.10; ALE 0.10; PLE 0.11; PME 0.10; Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.06; AME–ALE 0.07; ALE–ALE 0.38; PME–PME 0.12; PME–PLE 0.11; ALE–PLE 0.10; AME– PME 0.08; PLE–PLE 0.56. MOA: length 0.28; anterior width 0.27; posterior width 0.32. Clypeus height 0.17. Sternum heart-shaped, colored slightly lighter than carapace, surface granulated (
Fig. 3B
).
Abdomen length 1.65; width 1.29. Abdomen oval, most of dorsal surface covered with light-brown scutum (
Fig. 3A
); ventral side of abdomen lightly sclerotized on area anterior to epigastric furrow, colored light brown; dark, wide band runs posteriorly from epigastric furrow, ending in circle surrounding spinnerets; rest of abdomen light gray (
Fig. 3B
).
FIGURE 3.
Utivarachna balonku
sp. nov.
, male holotype.
A, B
Habitus, dorsal view (
A
), ventral view (
B
);
C
Left leg I, prolateral view. Scale bars A, B = 1 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
Legs uniformly light brown, covered with long white seta, especially on ventral surface. Leg I longer and much stouter than other legs, ventrally filled with leg cuspules from tarsus to femur, except on patella (
Fig. 3C
); metatarsi III and IV distally with comb-like structure distally followed by brush of setae. Leg measurements: leg I 4.38 (1.39, 0.46, 1.20, 0.84, 0.49); leg II 3.71 (1.18, 0.34, 0.99, 0.72, 0.48); leg III 2.78 (0.81, 0.33, 0.63, 0.62, 0.39); leg IV 3.74 (1.14, 0.32, 0.83, 1.02, 0.43).
FIGURE 4.
Utivarachna balonku
sp. nov.
, male holotype.
A–E
Left palp:
A
prolateral view;
B, D
ventral view;
C, E
retrolateral view. Scale bars A–E = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: ac, apical claw of RTA; e, embolus; rta, retrolateral tibial apophysis; st, subtegulum.
Male palp (
Fig. 4
): Cymbium oval. Bulb round. Tegulum membranous and much inflated, covering RTA in ventral view. RTA long, distally spatulate, ending in sickle-shaped apical claw. Sperm duct only visible in retrolateral and prolateral view. Embolus arising from wide basal part originating from middle of bulb; distal part coiled horizontally, much narrower than bulb, looping once.
Female (
Paratype
).
Total length 3.68. Carapace length 1.63; width 1.25. Eye diameters: AME 0.10; ALE 0.12; PLE 0.10; PME 0.09. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.05; AME–ALE 0.04; ALE–ALE 0.30; PME–PME 0.10; PME–PLE 0.09; ALE–PLE 0.10; AME–PME 0.06; PLE–PLE 0.49. MOA: length 0.27; anterior width 0.22; posterior width 0.29. Clypeus height 0.21. Abdomen length 2.05; width 1.53. General appearance as in male except dorsal scutum only covering half of abdomen (
Fig. 5A
) and leg I cuspules sparser, especially on femora (
Fig. 5C
). Leg measurements: leg I 3.73 (1.23, 0.37, 0.94, 0.76, 0.43); leg II 3.57 (1.08, 0.33, 0.90, 0.79, 0.47); leg III 2.59 (0.72, 0.25, 0.60, 0.63, 0.39); leg IV 3.59 (1.11, 0.28, 0.83, 0.96, 0.41).
FIGURE 5.
Utivarachna balonku
sp. nov.
, female paratype.
A, B
Habitus, dorsal view (
A
), ventral view (
B
);
C
Left leg I, prolateral view. Scale bars A, B = 1 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
Copulatory organs (
Fig. 6
): Atrium as wide as long. Copulatory openings located on the anterior corners of atrium, close to the epigastric furrow. Copulatory ducts narrow, slightly S-shaped. Bursae oval, very large and fragile, located close to the pedicel. Connecting ducts narrow, prominently S-shaped. Spermathecae pear-shaped. Fertilization ducts straight, almost as long as spermatheca.
Distribution.
Jambi Province
,
Sumatra
(
Maps 1
and
2
).
Remarks.
All specimens of
U. balonku
sp. nov.
were collected by canopy fogging in smallholder rubber monoculture plantations, and are considered arboreal.
Utivarachna balonku
sp. nov.
is similar to
U. rimba
sp. nov.
both in habitus and genitalic morphology, but was collected from different habitats:
U. balonku
sp. nov.
was collected exclusively in rubber monoculture plantations, whereas
U. rimba
sp. nov.
was collected from rainforest and jungle rubber agroforestry, i.e. sites with more natural vegetation.