Pectinariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the coastal waters of China, with description of new species and new records Author Zhang, Jinghuai 0000-0003-4745-6462 zhangjinghuai@sohu.com Author Hutchings, Pat 0000-0001-5251-1708 Author Qiu, Jian-Wen 0000-0003-4745-6462 zhangjinghuai@sohu.com text Zootaxa 2022 2022-06-10 5151 1 1 74 http://zoobank.org/135cc8d7-cafa-4b23-9006-ab8613e982a0 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5151.1.1 1175-5326 6630734 135CC8D7-CAFA-4B23-9006-AB8613E982A0 Pectinaria torquata Zhang & Qiu, 2017 Figs 17–18 ; Figs 1–3 in Zhang et al. (2017) Material examined. Holotype : MBM240082 , complete, Daya Bay , northern South China Sea , Guangdong Province , 114°42.98'E , 22°45.17'N , 9.0 m, muddy sand, Aug 2015 . Paratypes : MBM240083 , 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay , northern South China Sea , Guangdong Province , 114°33.22'E , 22°35.50'N , 11.0 m, muddy sand, Jun 2015 . MBM240084 , 1 spec. incomplete (17 anterior segments), Beibu Gulf , South China Sea , 108°34.46'E , 21°39.42'N , 9.7 m , muddy sand, Aug 2015 . Non type material examined. SCSMBC030931, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay , northern South China Sea , Guangdong Province , 114°43'15.6"E 22°42'25.2"N , 9 m , mud, coll. J. Zhang , Y. Gao & K. Chen , Jun 2015 , sta. D11. SCSMBC030933 (tissue sample sequenced), 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay , northern South China Sea , Guangdong Province , 114°35'50.0"E 22°38'01.0"N , 9 m , mud, coll. J. Zhang & X. Lyu , Aug 2020 , sta. SZ29. SCSMBC030932, 1 spec. complete, Beibu Gulf , South China Sea , 108°34'27.6"E 21°39'25.2"N , intertidal, mud, coll. G. Liu , Sep 2018 . Description. Based on all specimens examined. Preserved specimens pale or reddish in colour, conical in shape ( Fig. 18A–B ). Body length 17.0–53.0 mm including paleae and scaphe, width 4.7–9.0 mm at cephalic regions. Cephalic veil semicircular, free from operculum, with 26–32 smooth cirri on anterior and lateral margins ( Fig. 18C–D ). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles with deep median longitudinal grooves, arising posterior to cephalic veil from buccal cavity, extending over margin of cephalic veil ( Fig. 18C–D ). Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 11–12 pairs of acute and golden paleae, curved dorsally, with extended tips ( Fig. 18C, E ). Segments 1–2 with pair of tentacular cirri respectively, annulate, tapering to tip ( Fig. 18C–E ). Segment 2 with complete and smooth dorsal lobe ( Fig. 18C, E ). Segments 3–4 with pair of lateral comb-like branchiae respectively, with dorso-lateral pad adjacent to branchia ( Fig. 18C–D ). Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3–6 ( Fig. 18D ). Segment 4 with pair of lateral humps near branchiae ( Fig. 18D ). Segment 20 with a complete dorsal lobe ( Fig. 18G, F ). Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5–20 (16 pairs), each bearing two types of capillaries. Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8–20, each with raised torus with a transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, two longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with about seven teeth. Scaphe distinctly separated from segment 21 ( Fig. 18G–H ). Scaphe longer than broad, arched ventrally and flattened dorsally with crenulated lateral margin. Anal flap tongue-shaped with tip, with crenulated margin ( Fig. 18H–I ). Scaphal hooks 4–7 pairs, short, barely visible, with a curved blunt tip ( Fig. 18G ). Distribution. Northern South China Sea ( Fig. 17 ). FIGURE 17. Map illustrating the distribution of Pectinaria torquata Zhang & Qiu, 2017 , P. dayaensis n. sp. , P. lizhei n. sp. and P. xiukaii n. sp. in the coastal waters of China Habitat. Collected in mud of intertidal area and shallow water. Remarks. The species can be easily separated from all other recorded species of pectinariids from China waters as Pectinaria torquata has a complete dorsal lobe on segment 2. Three complete specimens collected from close to the type locality in the northern South China Sea were examined and fit the original type description ( Zhang & Qiu 2017 ). A specimen was used for molecular studies, with partial sequences of five genes (COI, 16S rDNA, 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and H3) being obtained. Bayesian phylogenetic tree confirm that P. torquata is a valid species and forms a clade with two other species P. lizhei n. sp. and P. dayaensis n. sp. from Chinese waters ( Fig. 41 ).