Taxonomic review of the genus Sinopanorpa Cai & Hua, 2008 (Mecoptera, Panorpidae) with descriptions of two new species Author Hua, Yuan College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710069, China Author Gao, Kai Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Author Xing, Lianxi College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710069, China & Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China & Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China lxxing@nwu.edu.cn text Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 2023 2023-07-27 70 2 283 290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.104621 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.104621 1860-1324-2-283 050327E45A94428CA64A11451F60B39D 7278751DF4485D40A6D9EE0C4436E7A6 Sinopanorpa minshanicola sp. nov. Figs 2 , 3 Type specimens. Holotype ♂ (NWAU), China , Sichuan Province, Pingwu County, Laohegou ( 32°29'17"N , 104°43'17"E , 1800 m), 20 July 2017, leg. Yuan Hua & Kai Gao. Paratypes : 3♂ 2♀ (NWAU), China , Sichuan Province, Pingwu County, Laohegou ( 32°29'17"N , 104°43'17"E , 1800 m), 14 July 2022, leg. Yuan Hua; 2♂ 2♀ (NWAU), China , Sichuan Province, Pingwu County, Laohegou ( 32°29'17"N , 104°43'17"E , 1650-1900 m), 6 July 2021, leg. Yuan Hua; 3♂ 5♀ (NWAU), China , Gansu Province, Wenxian County, Liujiaping ( 32°48'30"N , 104°46'43"E , 2080 m), 25 June 2019, leg. Kai Gao & Zhi-Chao Jia. Diagnosis. The new species can be readily recognized from its congeners by the following characters: 1) vertex with a dark transverse band across ocellar triangle; 2) ventral parameres of male shortened, only extending slightly over basal lobe of gonostylus; 3) basal process of gonostylus short, simple, acute, but non-furcated; and 4) female medigynium elongate, with axis half its length out of main plate. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Minshan, and the Latin - cola (dwell). Description. Male (Fig. 2A ). Head mostly yellowish brown. Rostrum faint yellow, with a pair of darkish longitudinal stripes laterally. Maxillary and labial palps yellowish brown, with distal segment dark brown. Antenna filiform, blackish brown. Ocellar triangle black. A dark transverse band across ocellar triangle to eyes (Fig. 2C ). Figure 2. Sinopanorpa minshanicola sp. nov. A. Male adult, dorsal view; B. Female adult, dorsal view; C. Male head, frontal view; D. Male head and thorax, dorsal view; E. Male abdomen, lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm ( A, B ); 1 mm ( C-E ). ms , mesonotum. mt , metanotum. pr , pronotum. Pronotum dark brown, with short black setae along anterior margin (Fig. 2D ). Meso- and metanotum blackish brown. Pleura and sterna pale. Legs yellowish brown, with distal parts of tarsomeres dark brown. Forewing length 15.96-16.70 mm, width 3.84-3.92 mm. Forewing membrane light yellow, with markings pale brown; pterostigma prominent, orange yellow; apical band broad, covering whole apical part; pterostigmal band complete, with basal and distal branches equal in width; marginal spot elongate-rectangular, extending from costa to R4+5; basal band almost complete, across whole wing; basal spot absent; R2 three-branched; R3 arising from middle of pterostigmal band (Fig. 2A ). Hindwing similar to forewing in pattern, but marginal spot and basal band absent. Forewings with 7-9 jugal bristles, hindwings with 2-3 frenular bristles. Abdominal segments I-IV (A1-A4) black in terga, pale yellow in sterna, and pale in pleura with spiracles clearly visible. Notal organ on posterior margin of tergum III (T3) less-developed, with postnatal organ on tergum IV very small near anterior margin. A5 pale yellow. A6 reddish yellow, greatly elongated, two times as long as A5, without anal horns. A patch of golden hairs along mid T6. A7 much thinner in basal 1/3 than in distal 2/3, with a cluster of hairs on anterio-dorsal corner of distal part (Fig. 2E ). A8 longer than A7, slightly constricted for basal 1/4. Genital bulb long elliptic (Fig. 3A-C ). Epandrium (tergum IX) broad at base, narrowing towards apex with a shallow apical emargination; a pair of cerci protruding subapically from under epandrium (Fig. 3C ). Hypandrium (sternum IX) almost without basal stalk; hypovalves broad, extending beyond apex of gonocoxites, mesal margin of distal half bearing numerous barb spines. Two hypovalves almost parallel, with apex blunt (Fig. 3A ). Gonocoxite with two small dark apical spots. Gonostylus elongate, slender, longer than gonocoxite, smoothly curved outwards; median tooth blunt, roughly at basal 1/3; basal lobe extremely developed, prominent, strongly sclerotized in apical half, assuming a stout elongate spine (Fig. 3E ). Ventral parameres slender, finger-like, extending over basal lobe of gonostylus, distal half with dense long spines along mesal margins, shorter towards apical part. Aedeagus simple, with paired ventral and dorsal valves (Fig. 3B ). Figure 3. Sinopanorpa minshanicola sp. nov. A. Male genitalia, ventral view; B. Male genitalia, with hypovalves removed, ventral view; C. Male genitalia, dorsal view; D. Female terminalia, ventral view; E. Male gonostylus, dorsal view; F, G. Female medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. ax , axis. bp , basal process. ce , cercus. ep , epandrium. gcx , gonocoxite. gs , gonostylus. hv , hypovalve. mp , main plate. pa , posterior arm. pm , paramere. sgp , subgenital plate. Female (Fig. 2B ). Head dark yellow. Thorax dark black dorsally, light yellow laterally. Forewing length 16.30-16.76 mm, width 3.88-4.00 mm. Wing pattern similar to that of male, but markings vaguer, marginal spot absent. In hindwings, markings indistinct, basal band completely absent. A1-A4 dark black in terga, light yellow in sterna; A5-A7 yellowish brown dorsally, with a longitudinal thin mesal line. Subgenital plate broad at base, gradually narrowing towards apex, with bluntly rounded apex, apical part bearing long setae (Fig. 3D ). Medigynium (genital plate) very broad, main plate longer than wide, with a pair of posterior arms roughly forming a broad U-shape; axis elongate, extending half its length beyond main plate (Fig. 3F, G ). Distribution. China (The Minshan Mountains in Gansu and Sichuan provinces). Habitat. Numerous adults of the new species were collected from late June to the end of July at the edges of coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests, with dense sub-shrubs in the Minshan Mountains. At the type locality, adults are often found in moist microhabitats, especially rich on the alpine shrub or understory in broad-leaved forests with an altitude ranging from 1600 to 2100 m above sea level (Fig. 1 ).