Reassessing the phylogeny and divergence times of sloths (Mammalia: Pilosa: Folivora), exploring alternative morphological partitioning and dating models
Author
Casali, Daniel M
Author
Boscaini, Alberto
Author
Gaudin, Timothy J
Author
Perini, Fernando A
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2022
2022-12-01
196
4
1505
1551
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/196/4/1505/6617197
journal article
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac041
0024-4082
7381236
Eufolivora
PP = 100, age = 34.25 Mya (30.81–38.47).
All sloths excluding
Pseudoglyptodon
and
Bradypus
. It is composed of two major clades, Mylodontoidea and Megatherioidea, and was consistently recovered in all analyses performed in this study.
Eufolivora
was supported by eight synapomorphies (five for both methods and three exclusively for BI): parallel lateral edges of the mandibular spout (BI); orbital portion of lacrimal greater than facial portion; presence of middle process of jugal; tip of zygomatic process of squamosal extends anterior to frontoparietal suture (BI); nuchal and exoccipital crests diverge distally (BI); tympanohyal wide distally, contributing to the formation of the stylohyal fossa; fusion of the acromion with the coracoid process of the scapula; and femoral entepicondyle and ectepicondyle strongly projected beyond condyles.