Serpentinimonas gen. nov., Serpentinimonas raichei sp. nov., Serpentinimonas barnesii sp. nov. and Serpentinimonas maccroryi sp. nov., hyperalkaliphilic and facultative autotrophic bacteria isolated from terrestrial serpentinizing springs Author Bird, Lina J. Author Kuenen, J. Gijs Author Osburn, Magdalena R. Author Tomioka, Naotaka Author Ishii, Shun’ichi Author Barr, Casey Author Nealson, Kenneth H. Author Suzuki, Shino text International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2021 004945 2021-08-11 71 8 1 10 http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004945 journal article 10.1099/ijsem.0.004945 216b98f8-95b8-4abc-b748-191e0e84bd35 1466-5034 PMC8513617 34379584 6224170 DESCRIPTION OF SERPENTINIMONAS RAICHEI SP. NOV. Serpentinimonas raichei (rai′ che.i. N.L. gen. n. raichei , named after R. Raiche, one of the owners of The Cedars nature reserve). In addition to the characteristics given above in the genus description, S. raichei has the characteristics described below. Growth occurs at 18–37 °C and pH 10.0–11.5 with optimal growth at 30°C and pH 11.0. NaCl ranges from 0 to 0.5 g l−1 . The DNA base composition of the type strain is 66.6% G+C (determined from the genome). The strain grows autotrophically with hydrogen gas and calcium carbonate and heterotrophically on acetate, butyrate, lactate, pyruvate, ethanol, cyclohexane and fumarate under microaerophilic condition. The strain cannot utilize nitrate, sulphate, iron (III) hydroxide or iron (II/III) oxide as electron acceptors. The strain cannot ferment glucose. Major fatty acids are C 16:1 ω7 c and C 18:1 ω7 c . The respiratory quinone is ubiquinone. Fig. 3. Microscopic observation of strain A1 T . (a) Phase contrast microscopy image of strain A1 T grown on acetate and oxygen.The three strains are visually indistinguishable. (b) SEM image of strain A1 T on carbon filter paper. Morphologies are indistinguishable for the three strains. (c) TEM image of strain A1 T grown on acetate with oxygen. The type strain, A1 T , (=NBRC 111848 T =DSM 103917 T ), was isolated from a highly alkaline serpentinizing spring (Barnes Spring 1) in The Cedars located in north California , USA .