A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae Author Zheng, Jinshui Author Wittouck, Stijn Author Salvetti, Elisa Author Franz, Charles M. A. P. Author Harris, Hugh M. B. Author Mattarelli, Paola Author O’Toole, Paul W. Author Pot, Bruno Author Vandamme, Peter Author Walter, Jens Author Watanabe, Koichi Author Wuyts, Sander Author Felis, Giovanna E. Author Gänzle, Michael G. Author Lebeer, Sarah text International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2020 2020-04-15 70 2782 2858 journal article 7136 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 c650e745-85a1-48ca-b29a-b1714f644bae 4730536 DESCRIPTIONOF LIGILACTOBACILLUS GEN. NOV. Ligilactobacillus (Li.gi.lac.to.ba.cil'lus. L. v. ligare to tie, unite; N.L. masc. n. Lactobacillus abacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n. Ligilactobacillus a lactobacillus with a host-associated life style). Speciesof Ligilactobacillus are homofermentative, their mol% G+C contentisbetween 32.5 and 43.3. Several Ligilactobacillus species include strains that are motile. Most Ligilactobacillus species have been isolated from animals and humans and are adaptedto vertebratehosts. Severalstrains of Ligilactobacillus express urease, this enzymeis the mostpowerful bacterial tool to withstand gastric acidity; in lactobacilli, urease activity is associated with a vertebrate host-adapted lifestyle [ 210 , 211 ]. Several Ligilactobacillus species also commonly occur in fermentedfoods and are usedcommercially as startercultures or probiotic cultures. Aphylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA genes of all species inthe genus Ligilactobacillus isprovided in Figure S6J . The type species is Ligilactobacillus salivarius comb. nov. ; Ligilactobacillus was previously referred to as L. salivarius group.