Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical Phytomia Guérin-Méneville (Diptera: Syrphidae) Author Meyer, Marc De Royal Museum for Central Africa, Invertebrates Section and JEMU, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B 3080 Tervuren Belgium. Author Goergen, Georg Author Jordaens, Kurt Royal Museum for Central Africa, Invertebrates Section and JEMU, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B 3080 Tervuren Belgium. & kurt. jordaens @ africamuseum. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4321 - 5944 text Zootaxa 2020 2020-06-26 4803 2 201 250 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4803.2.1 1175-5326 3909047 0C0F5754-9530-4072-AF45-BDFE4A8A2B57 Phytomia incisa (Wiedemann) ( Figs 16 , 25, 27 , 56 , 78 , 98 ) Eristalis incisus Wiedemann, 1830: 155 Eristalis assimilis Walker, 1849: 611 [junior homonym, preocc. assimilis Macquart, 1846 ] Megaspis capito Loew, 1858: 381 Eristalis ( Megaspis ) capito Loew, 1860: 393 Material examined . SYNTYPE ( incisa ): ♀ , SOUTH AFRICA , Capland [ Cape Province ?], S. Krebs ( MNB ) .? SYNTYPE ( incisa ): ♂ , SOUTH AFRICA , as ♀ syntype ( MNB ) (see Comments) . LECTOTYPE ( capito ) (hereby formally designated and published; see comments): ♀ , SOUTH AFRICA , “Caffrerei” [ Eastern Cape ], Wahlberg ( NRMS ) (images examined; lectotype label by Barkemeyer 2002) . Other material: ANGOLA , 1♀ , Congulu , April 1934 , K. Jordan ( BMNH ). BENIN , 1♂ , Pénéssoulou , 10.XI.2004 ; Sérou, 1♀ , December 2005 ; 1♂ , December 2006 ; 1♂ 1♀ , December 2016 , all G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♂ , Togbin , October 2004 , G. Goergen ( IITA ). BOTSWANA , 1♂ , Mongalatsila , Ghanzi , 5.V.1925 , J. Maurice ( BMNH ). BURUNDI , 1♀ , Bururi , 26.V.1925 , F.J. François ( KBIN ); 1♀ , Cankuzo , Parc de Ruvubu , 5.IV.2010 , B. Nzigidahera ( OBPE ); 1♀ , Kgamba , 17.V.2011 ( OBPE ) ; 1♂ , Kibira , 29.I.2012 , B. Nzigidahera ( OBPE ); 1♀ , Kitega , 15.V.1955 , F.J. François ( KBIN ); 1♂ , Lac Nyanza , 24.X.2013 , L. Ndayikeza ( OBPE ); 1♀ , Musenyi , 28.I.2011 , A. Mpawenimana ( OBPE ); 1♂ 5♀ , Rumonge , 9.XI–10.XII.2010 ; 1♀ , 13.IV.2011 , all L. Ndayikeza ( OBPE ). CAMEROON , 1♂ 1♀ , Meskine (agricultural site), 23.V.2018 , M. Azo’o Ela ( MAPC ). COMOROS , 1♀ , Grande Comore , Moroni suburbs, 10.VIII.1983 , R. Jocqué & L. Janssens ( KMMA ); 1♂ 1♀ , Moroni , 14.VII.2019 , G. G. Goergen ( IITA ). CONGO (DR), Bambesa , 1♀ , 15.IX.1933 , H.J. Brédo ( KMMA ); 1♀ , 20.X.1933 , H.J. Brédo ( KMMA ); 1♀ , 20.X.1933 , J. Leroy ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Baudouinville [=Boma/Kirungu], December 1953 , H. Bomans ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Baye , Bondo , Uele , August 1956 , L. Rooyakkers ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Bluk- wa, Ituri , 28.IX.1928 , A. Collart ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Boswenda , 22.X.1914 , J. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Blukwa , Ituri , 14.XI.1928 , A. Collart ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Bunia , Ituri , 1938, P. Lefèvre ( KMMA ); Elisabethville [= Lubumbashi ], 1♀ , 3.IV.1912 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♂ , 30.I.1913 , Daldoniof ( KMMA ); 3♂ , 1–5.I.1921 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♂ , 8.IV.1921 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♂ , 15.IV.1928 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♀ , 11.XII.1928 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 2♀ , 1928–1929 , P. Quarré ( KMMA ); 1♀ , April 1930 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♀ , January 1933 , M. Bequaert ( KBIN ); Elisabethville [= Lubumbashi ], 1♀ , R. Lubumbashi , 2.IV.1923 , M. Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♀ , De- cember 1959, Ch. Seydel ( KMMA ); Gandajika , Sankuru , 1♀ , 7.XI.1950 ; 1♂ , 18.XII.1950 ; 1♀ , 1.II.1951 , all P. de Francquen ( KMMA ); Garamba , July 1912 , Lang & Chapin , 2♀ ( AMNH ); 1♀ ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Parc National Ga- ramba, II/fd/18, H. de Saeger ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Goma , 10–15.V.1953 , J. Verbeke ( KBIN ); 1♂ , Ishwa , Lac Albert , September 1935 , H.J. Brédo ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Kabinda , Lomami , M. Bequaert ( KBIN ); 1♂ , Kabukwa , Lomami , March–April. 1932, P. Quarré ( KMMA ); 2♀ , Kambaye , Lomami , October 1930 , P. Quarré ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Kam- baye-Lupula, Lomami , 1930, R. Collart ( KBIN ); 1♀ , Kishinde , Lomami , October 1931 , P. Quarré ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Kissenyi , N. Kivu , February 1928 , Ch. Seydel ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Kolwezi , Lualaba , 2.II.1953 , L. Gilbert ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Lac Vert , route Goma-Sake , Kivu , 6.I.1953 , J. Verbeke ( KBIN ); 1♀ , Likonzolwa , 7.I.1912 , Bequaert ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Lualabourg [=?Kananga (as Luluabourg)], June 1919 , Carpentier ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Nyagwe , April–May 1918, R. Mayné ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Sandoa , September 1928 , Walker ( KMMA ). ERITREA , 1♀ , Dongollo Basso , 2.III.1957 , D.J. Greathead ( BMNH ). ETHIOPIA , 18♂ 32♀ , Abijata Shala Nat. Park , Oromia , 15.IX–10.X.2012 (different dates) , A. Pauly (three specimens J.L. Boevé as co-collector) ( KMMA ); Addis Abbaba , 1♀ , 5–20.VII.1920 ; 1♀ , 31.VIII.1920 ; 1♂ , 30.VIII.1920 (all AMNH ) ; 1♀ , Arba-Minch , Lake Chano , 19.X.2012 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Debre Sina , Tamaber Pass , Amhara , 25.X.2011 , A. Ketema ( KBIN ); 1♀ , Denssa , Amhara , 23.X.2011 ( KMMA ) ; 1♂ , Dire Daoua ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Djibuti to Addis Ababa Railroad , 14–17.IX.1920 ( AMNH ) ; 2♂ , Goba , Bale , 21.X.2010 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); Holeta , Oromia , 5.X.2010 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 4♀ , Irga Alem , 13.IX.1935 , Sska ( KMMA ); Jimma , Gimo , 1♂ 1♀ , 11.II.2016 ; 2♀ , 24.II.2016 , all L. Geeraert ( KMMA ); 1♂ 2♀ , Lake Koka , 27.IX.2012 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 2♂ , Waliso , 13–14.IX.1958 , S. Chojnacki ( MNHN ); 1♂ 1♀ , Lake Ziway , 14.IX.2012 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 3♂ 4♀ , Senkele Nat. Park , Oromia , 17.IX.2012 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ). GHANA , 1♂ , Cape Coast , December 2004 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 3♂ , Wati Waterfalls , February 2003 , G. Goergen ( IITA ). KENYA , 1♀ , Kasaala area , Eastern Province , 19.XI–3.XII.2015 , R. Copeland ( NMK ); 2♀ , Kasigau Mt , Coast Province , 2– 16.XI.2011 , R. Copeland ( NMK ); 1♂ 2♀ , Mucagara Farm , Kirinyaga , Central Province, 16–18.XII.2016 , R. Cope- land & K. Jordaens ( NMK ); 1♀ , Kamwana Forest , Kirinyaga , Central Province, 17.XII.2016 , R. Copeland & K. Jordaens ( NMK ); 1♀ , Nairobi , 14.VI.1919 , Loveridge ( CNC ); 1♀ , Simisi area , Eastern Province , 29.XI.2013 , J. Bukhebi ( NMK ); 1♂ , Sokorte Dika Forest , Marsabit N.P., 12–13.XII.1972 , M. Boulard ( MNHN ); 1♀ , Mwatate , Taita Hills , 19.X–2.XI.2011 , R. Copeland ( NMK ); trail to Lyale , Taita Hills , 3♂ 3♀ , 27.XII.2017 ; 1♀ , 27.I.2017 , all G. Ståhls ( MZH ); 1♂ 2♀ , Wesu Peak , Taita Hills , 18.I.2017 , G. Ståhls ( MZH ); 2♀ , Yatta , 64km E Thika , 10.XII.1972 , I. Bampton ( NMSA ). LESOTHO , 1♂ , Basutoland , P. Janson ( AMNH ); 2♀ , Roma , 22.XII.1974 , J.W. Boyes ( CNC ); 1♀ , no locality, Lindblom ( NRMS ). MADAGASCAR , 1♂ , Ambodinoangy , Maroantsetra distr. , March 19XX, J Vadon ( MNHN ); 8♀ , 10km N Ambositra , 7.III.2016 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♂ , Antananarivo , 8.III.2016 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); Didy , 1♂ , March 1992 ; 1♂ , 10.IV.1992 , all A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 10♂ 1♀ , Foulpointe Forest , May 1995 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 1♂ , 67km W Ihosy , 16.III.1994 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 6♂ , 25km W Morarano-Chrome , April 1992 , A. Pauly ( KMMA ); 1♀ , env. Tananarive, Plasson ( KMMA ); 2♂ , Tanovana, between Tamatave & Tanarive , Janu- ary–May 1937, C. Lamberton ( CNC ). MALAWI , 2♂ 2♀ , Mulanje Mountain Forest Reserve (lodge), 12–15.XI.2016 , K. Jordaens ( KMMA ); 1♀ , Mulanje Mountain , Likhubula , 12–14.XI.2016 , K. Jordaens ( KMMA ), 1♂ , Zomba , H.S. Stannus ( BMNH ); 1♀ , Zomba Plateau ( Kuchawe trout farm), 8–11.XI.2016 , K. Jordaens ( KMMA ). NAMIBIA , 1♂ , Rietfontein , 23mi SW Grootfontein , 3.IV.1972 , Southern African exp. ( BMNH ). NIGERIA , Ibadan ( IITA ), 1♂ , 26.I.1998 ; 1♂ , 5.XII.2000 , all G. Goergen ( IITA ); Jos , 1♀ , October–December 1965; 1♀ , 1967; 2♀ , 1968, all Bot- Gwong ( KMMA ). RWANDA , 1♂ , Gatsibu , Biumba , 6.II.1953 , P. Basilewsky ( KMMA ). SOUTH AFRICA , 1♀ , Bergville Hillside Farm , KwaZulu Natal , 10.XII.2012 , M.N. Morales ( MZH ); 1♀ , Boshoek , Transvaal ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Giants Castle , 22.IV.1962 , K. Tinley ( CNC ); Johannesburg , 1♀ , January 1950 , Zumpt ( AMNH ); 1♂ , Johan- nesburg, 10.IV.1950 , Zumpt ( AMNH ); 1♀ , Langkloof Berg (house cottages), 6.XII.2012 , G. Ståhls ( MZH ); 2♀ , Mariepskop National Park , Mpumalanga , 23–24.I.2017 , K. Jordaens ( KMMA ); 1♀ , 23mi NW Naboomspruit , 20.II.1949 ( AMNH ) ; 2♂ , Otto’s Bluff ( Kwela Lodge ), Pietermaritzburg , 14.XII.2012 , G. Ståhls ( MZH ); Royal Natal National Park , the Crack path, 8.XII.2012 , 1♀ , G. Ståhls ; 1♂ , M.N. Morales (all MZH ); 2♂ 1♀ , Rustenburg , Trans- vaal, 23.IV.1950 , Zumpt ( AMNH ); 1♂ , 4mi SW Ubombo , Natal , 6.XII.1966 , J.G. Rozen & D.J. Brothers ( AMNH ). SWAZILAND , 1♂ , Mbabane , Enselweni Valley , 2-7.IV.1978 , J. Londt & B. Stuckenberg ( NMSA ). TANZANIA , 1♀ , Dar es Salaam , 14.IX.1961 , G. Heinrich ( CNC ); 1♀ , Katesh , Contref. S du Mt Hanang , 18–31.V.1957 , P. Basilewsky & N. Leleup ( KMMA ); 3♀ , Kilimanjaro , 26.XI.2008 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♀ , Nwanza , 30.XI.2008 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♀ , Songeakyeia , 26.XI.2008 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♀ , Tarangire National Park , Matete Pond , 20.III.1995 , Lesio & Liseki ( AMNH ); 1♀ , Victoria Njansa ( KMMA ). TOGO , 2♂ 4♀ , Dzogbégan , 24–25.I.2016 , K. Jordaens ( KMMA ); 1♂ , Dzogbégan ( Monastery ), 24-25.I.2016 , G. Goergen ( KMMA ); Kloto , 1♂ , November 2006 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♂ 1♀ , November 2015 , G. Goergen ( IITA ); 1♂ 4♀ , January 2016 ( KMMA ) ; 1♂ , 21–24.VI.2015 , G. Goergen ( KMMA ); 1♂ , December 2016 , G. Goergen ( KMMA ); 1♂ 1♀ , Kuma-Tokpli , 21–24.I.2016 , G. Goergen ( KMMA ). UGANDA , 1♂ , N. Ankole , 21.I.1975 , P. Mugabi ( CNC ); 2♂ , nr Entebbe , 23–31.I.1973 , H. Falke ( CNC ); 1♀ , Entebbe , forest 4mi near Kitabi Hill , October 1913 , C.A. Wiggins ( OXUM ). ZAMBIA , 1♀ , Fort Jameson [=Chipata], 24.I.1908 , S.A. Neave ( OXUM ); 1♀ , Lake Bangwelu , October–November 1946 ( BMNH ) . ZIMBABWE , 1♀ , Bulawayo , 7. II.1910 , E.C. Chull ( BMNH ) ; 1♂ , Salisbury [= Harare ], January 1901 , F.I. Snow ( AMNH ) . Body size . Body length (n=10): 13.3–17.1 mm . Wing length (n=10): 10.3–12.2 mm . Redescription . MALE ( Fig. 16 ). Head ( Fig. 25 ). Eye bare; holoptic, touching for about 3 times length of ocellar triangle, facets enlarged in dorsal half. Frons brown to black; with greyish brown pollinosity, along eye margin more brownish; dispersed pilosity of medium long pale pile interspersed with few dark pile; rugose area shining black, occupying slightly more than one-third of entire width and at about two-thirds of height of frons; with shorter dispersed pale pile. Face ground colour black; with dense greyish to pale brown pollinosity, in medial part and along eye margin at places weakly shining black; dispersed pilosity of short pale pile; facial tubercle elongated, poorly pronounced. Sometimes lateral margins of face and frons more yellow-orange with more or less extensive darker patches. Gena yellow-orange; with long pale pilosity. Occiput dorsal third black, with greyish pollinosity; ventrally more densely yellow to yellow-white, with dispersed pale pile. Antennal segments black to black-brown; arista yellow-brown, in basal half with medium long pile equal to half width of pedicel. Thorax . Scutum ground colour black; with dispersed greyish brown pollinosity, along margin more densely greyish; covered with pile of medium long pale greyish pile. Scutellum more yellow-orange, covered with medium long pale greyish to yellowish pile except for fascia of dark pile, occupying one-third of scutellum. Pleural sclerites ground colour black, with greyish pollinosity. Covered (except meron, anterior part of katepisternum, and anterior anepisternum) with long whitish or pale yellowish pile. Legs . Predominantly brown. Fore and mid leg, femur with medium long pale pilosity, posteriorly longer; tibia silvery in basal half dorsally, ventrally less so, with short pale pilosity. Hind leg, femur medium long to long pale pilosity except ventrally in apical fourth to fifth where black; tibia with silvery part restricted to dorsal side and for basal third at most, pale pilosity except ventrally where black. Wing ( Fig. 56 ). Completely hyaline, no microtrichia. At most weakly fumose along anterior margin. Calypters pale; with fringe of pale pile. Abdomen ( Fig. 78 ). Mainly brown-black, tergum 2 orange-brown along anterior two-thirds except for brown rectangular transverse macula in medial part, macula isolated or narrowly connected with posterior brown fascia; tergum 3 slightly paler narrowly along anterior margin. Terga covered with dispersed short pale pile except posterior part of tergum 4 where black, along lateral and posterior margins pile longer. No bullae. Sterna brown to blackbrown; with widely dispersed long pale pile. Male genitalia as in Fig. 98 . FEMALE . As male except for the following character states. Eye, facets of equal size; dichoptic. Frons black ground colour; with greyish brown pollinosity, except in dorsal third where black; covered with short dispersed black pile, on and along rugose area with pale pilosity; rugose area shining black, occupying half of entire width and equal in height to 2–3 times the ocellar triangle. Facial tubercle moderately developed ( Fig. 27 ). Distribution . Angola , Benin , Botswana , Burundi , Comoros , Congo (DR), Eritrea , Ethiopia , Ghana , Kenya , Lesotho , Madagascar , Malawi , Namibia , Nigeria , Rwanda , South Africa , Swaziland , Tanzania , Togo , Uganda , Zambia , Zimbabwe . Smith & Vockeroth (1980) also mention this species from Sierra Leone . Comments . In the collection of MNB, two specimens ( 1 male , 1 female ) are labelled as types. Both bear the same blue printed label “ Capland Krebs S. ” as well as a red printed type label. The male specimen, in addition, carries two pale blue handwritten labels one: “C. [or “ Gr ”] b.sp. Krebs”, and a second: “ incisus Wied. *”, as well as a white printed label “1070”. From the original description it appears that Wiedemann had more than one specimen of this species in front of him as he mentions that material is deposited “Im Berliner Museum und in meiner Sammlung” [in the Berlin museum and in my collection]. However, the description only makes reference to the female, so it is uncertain whether the male specimen is part of the syntype series. An additional female syntype (not examined), originally from the Winthem collection, is deposited in the NMW ( Denner, 2017 ). The type specimen of M. capito in the NRMS collection, is labelled as ‘holotypus’ by Kassebeer in 1999 but has a separate label indicating this is a lectotype by Barkemeyer in 2002. The lectotype designation does not seem to have been published .