Further species and range extensions of Amazonian bryozoans: chipping away at the iceberg
Author
Wood, Timothy S.
Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. & Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD UK.
Author
Okamura, Beth
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD UK.
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-08-01
5169
4
381
391
journal article
112241
10.11646/zootaxa.5169.4.7
d2838a5c-dc8e-46ba-b984-d81a6af38a16
1175-5326
6952586
4B39AD1B-2643-4B84-B9A4-E83B07F33179
Plumatella hartikainenae
n. sp.
(
Fig. 4
)
FIGURE 4.
Plumatella hartikainenae
n. sp.
(a) Portion of a colony. (b) Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) floatoblast valves. (c) Floatoblast lateral view showing a typical slim profile. (d) SEM image of floatoblasts, dorsal side (left), ventral side (right). (e) Enlarged portion of the ventral side showing hypertubercles. (f) SEM view of floatoblast in profile. Scale bars: a = 2 mm; b, c, d, f = 100 µm.
Material examined.
Holotype
:
ZUEC
BRY 60
, from the
Río Negro
, municipality of
Iranduba
,
6 km
SW Manaus
,
Amazonas State
,
Brazil
, 3˚ 9.956’ S, 60˚ 3.264’ W (Site 9), collected
8 May 2018
by
T
.
Wood
and
B. Okamura
.
Paratype
:
NHMUK 2021.11
.23.9, same details as
holotype
.
Colonies
attached to an abandoned foam rubber sandal, including floatoblasts but no sessoblasts. Additional unregistered material from the
Río Tapajos
,
10 km
N of Santarem
,
Pará State
,
Brazil
, 2˚ 19.700’ S, 54˚45.210’ W (Site 14), collected
14 May 2018
by
T
.
Wood
and
B. Okamura. Colonies
attached to emergent reeds, including floatoblasts but no sessoblasts
.
Etymology.
The specific name honors Hanna Hartikainen, an assistant professor at the University of
Nottingham
, who has substantially contributed to the understanding of phylactolaemate evolutionary ecology, diversification and interactions with myxozoan parasites.
Description.
The colony spreads widely, with long branches adhering closely to the substratum, body wall soft, colorless, and transparent, with no trace of raphe or furrow (
Fig. 4a
); floatoblasts elongate and often present a diamond shape, widest in the middle and curving gently to broadly rounded ends (
Fig. 4b
), lateral profile showing floatoblast unusually thin and characterized by a suture that is entirely linear, not curved (
Fig. 4c, f
), dorsal and ventral fenestrae similar in size, with the dorsal annulus encroaching just slightly more over the capsule (
Fig. 4b, d
), both fenestrae bearing well defined, rounded tubercles (
Fig. 4e
), polar grooves on the dorsal valve indistinct. Floatoblast dimensions are shown in
Table 1
.
Remarks.
This appears to be the same species noted and illustrated by
Wiebach (1970)
as
Plumatella javanica
from the Amazon Basin. That material had reported floatoblast dimensions of 460 by 260 µm, which conform to the measurements of
P. hartikainenae
n. sp.
Corresponding dimensions for
P. javanica
are considerably smaller (
Kraepelin 1906
, Wood
et al.
2006). Previously,
Wiebach (1967)
had suggested that
P. javanica
appears in many forms, so he was prepared to allow for this difference in floatoblast size. However, there is also a difference in the relative dimensions of the floatoblast ventral fenestra: large and oval in
P. javanica
but smaller and circular in
P. hartikainenae
n. sp.
. So far, no bryozoans matching the
holotype
of
P. javanica
have been seen in South America.