Large mammals of Fouvent-Saint-Andoche (Haute-Saône, France): a glimpse into a Late Pleistocene hyena den Author Fourvel, Jean-Baptiste Author Fosse, Philippe Author Fernandez, Philippe Author Antoine, Pierre-Olivier text Geodiversitas 2015 2015-06-26 37 2 237 266 http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a5 journal article 10.5252/g2015n2a5 1638-9395 4535125 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0117CBA4-4CE0-4431-B5F6-721F998C72C7 Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — NISP =37; MNI =12. 1989-1992 sample: 1 left maxillary; 2 left I3; 1 right C; 1 left P4; 1 left M2; 3 right i1; 6 left i1; 1 i1?; 1 right i2; 1 left i2; 1 left i2-3; 1 right c; 1 left c; 1 left p3; 1 right p4; 1 right m1; 1 right m2; 1 left m3; 1 canine?; 1 right ulna; 1 left ulna; 1 left tibia; 1 left metatarsal II; 3 first phalanges; 3 second phalanges. DESCRIPTION In Europe, two medium-to-large-sized canids coexist during the Late Pleistocene: wolf Canis lupus and dhole Cuon alpinus Pallas, 1811 . Their association in a same geochronological context suggests their potential identification in palaeontological samples (Perez-Ripoll et al. 2010; Pionnier-Capitan et al. 2011). Thirty seven bone remains recovered from the recent excavations have been related to large canids. The right lower carnassial (m1 – F9.C.264) has a large talonid with two cusps which is typical of wolves ( Fig.4D, E ). The general proportions of this carnassial (breadth= 12.5 mm , length= 27 mm ) and of the left upper carnassial (P4 – H8.C.240) (breadth= 13 mm , length= 25 mm ) match the range recorded for Late Pleistocene wolves (breadth and length variations in m1 11.1-13.2 by 26.5-33.4 mm and in P4 12.3-15.3 by 23.8-29.9 mm in Schütt 1969 ; Boudadi-Maligne 2010; Brugal & Boudadi- Maligne 2011). Yet, these carnassials are smaller than the ones referred to as Canis lupus maximus Boudadi-Maligne, 2012 , described at Jaurens (OIS3; Boudadi-Maligne 2012). Postcranial remains are also referable to C. lupus . In particular, the morphological features of the fragmentary left tibia G11.B.109 are diagnostic of Canis , as defined by Pionnier- Capitan et al. (2011) : the border of the medial malleolus is salient and prominent, whereas the distal border of the cranial side is straight and regular; moreover, the proximo caudal tuberosity of the ulnar olecranon E11.B.112 is more prominent in Canis as observed by Pionnier-Capitan et al. (2011). To sum up, the large canid from Fouvent is unambiguously referable to Canis (morphological features) and more precisely to Canis lupus (dimensions).