A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador Author Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina Author Whitfield, James B. Author Janzen, Daniel H. Author Winifred Hallwachs, Author Dyer, Lee A. Author Smith, M. Alex Author Hebert, Paul D. N. Author Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. text ZooKeys 2019 890 1 685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 1313-2970-890-1 FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 Glyptapanteles genorodriguezae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 90 , 91 Female. Body length 3.38 mm , antenna length 3.78 mm , fore wing length 3.38 mm . Type material. Holotype : ECUADOR • 1♀ ; EC-1933, YY-A075; Napo , Yanayacu Biological Station , Yanayacu Road ; cloud forest; 2,100 m ; - 0.566667 , -77.866667 ; 12.ii.2005 ; Heidi Connahs leg.; cocoons formed on 15.iv.2005 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 24.iv.2005 ; ( PUCE ) . Paratypes . • 13 ( 4♀ , 2♂ ) ( 7♀ , 0 ♂ ); EC-1933, YY-A075; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE ) . Diagnosis. Vertex in lateral view rounded ( Fig. 90C ), frons punctate, scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( Figs 90E , 91B ), in lateral view, metasoma curved ( Figs 90A , 91A ), median area on T2 as broad as long ( Figs 90G , 91F ) and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition on T2 ( Fig. 90G, H ), petiole on T1 parallel-sided in proximal half, then narrowing ( Fig. 90G ) and finely sculptured ( Figs 90G , 91F ), propodeum without a median longitudinal dent ( Figs 90F , 91C ), and fore wing with r vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a stub ( Figs 90K , 91D ). Figure 90. Glyptapanteles genorodriguezae sp. nov. female EC-1933 YY-A075 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T1-3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind. Figure 91. Glyptapanteles genorodriguezae sp. nov. male EC-1933 YY-A075 A Habitus B Mesonotum, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D, E Wings D Fore E Hind F, G Metasoma F Dorsal view G Lateral view. Coloration ( Fig. 90 A-L ). General body coloration polished black except scape with brown tints; all antennal flagellomeres brown on both sides; labrum, mandible and pedicel yellow-brown; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow. Fore and middle legs yellow except brown claws, and tarsomeres 3-5 coloration intensity increasing from proximal (yellow) to distal (light brown); hind legs yellow except black coxae with apex yellow, femora with a tiny brown dot at the apex, tibiae with both ends brown, tarsomeres brown, although basitarsus with a proximal yellow ring. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas black, adjacent area with contours well-defined and with two unevenly shaped blotches, and lateral ends yellow; T3 with a extensive brown area which proximally with the same width of median and adjacent areas on T2, but distally it extents along the width of T3, and proximal half of corners yellow; T4 and beyond completely black; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 completely yellow; T4 yellow, but dorsally brown; T5 and beyond completely black. S1-3 completely yellow; S4 proximal half yellow, distal half brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium completely brown. Description. Head ( Fig. 90 A-D ). Head rhomboid and pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.28:0.07, 0.31:0.07, 0.29:0.07), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.16:0.06, 0.12:0.06), antenna longer than body (3.78, 3.38); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, with dense fine punctations, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons punctate. Temple narrow, punctate and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.12, 0.14). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide. Mesosoma ( Fig. 90A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout and interspaces wavy/lacunose. Scutellum long and slender, apex sloped and fused with BS , scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM ; ATS demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat). Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM semicircular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM ; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half with a shallow dent at each side of nucha and slightly rugose; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends). Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire and without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout, and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.10). Dorsal half of hind coxa with scattered punctation and ventral half with dense punctation and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.31, 0.24), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.17, 0.16). Wings ( Fig. 90K, L ). Fore wing with r vein straight; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin. Metasoma ( Fig. 90A, G, H, J ). Metasoma curved. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured completely parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.40, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.12) and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.16, length T2 0.16), edges of median area obscured by weak longitudinal stripes, median area as broad as long (length 0.16, maximum width 0.16, minimum width 0.12); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.20, 0.16) and with scattered pubescence only distally. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. Cocoons. Unknown. Comments. In both sexes the body is curved. Male ( Fig. 91 A-G ). Coloration and shape similar to females. Etymology. Genoveva (Geno) Rodriguez Castaneda is a Guatemalan biologist. Her research interests are centered on how biotic interactions (herbivory and predation) change across climatic gradients and what causes rates of speciation and ranges of species distributions to vary along environmental gradients. She works at Beta Hatch, Insect Entrepeneurs, Seattle, WA, USA . Distribution. Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Ecuador , Napo , Yanayacu Biological Station (Yanayacu Road), during February 2005 at 2,100 m in cloud forest. Biology. The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. Host. Memphis nr. lorna (Druce) ( Nymphalidae : Charaxinae ) feeding on Nectandra sp. ( Lauraceae ). Caterpillar instar was not reported.