Two new Lycoperdon species collected from Korea: L. albiperidium and L. subperlatum spp. nov. Author Kim, Chang Sun Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Jo, Jong Won Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Kwag, Young-Nam Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Sung, Gi-Ho Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea Author Han, Jae-Gu Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 55365, Korea Author Shrestha, Bhushan Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea Author Oh, Soon-Ok Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Kim, Sang-Yong Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Shin, Chang-Ho Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea Author Han, Sang-Kuk Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Korea text Phytotaxa 2016 2016-05-11 260 2 101 115 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.260.2.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.260.2.1 1179-3163 13668872 Lycoperdon subperlatum C.S. Kim & S. - K. Han, sp. nov ., Fig. 7 MycoBank:—MB 814889 Diagnosis:—Macroscopically this species resembles L. perlatum but they can be distinguished microscopically as L. subperlatum has elastic to subelastic eucapillitial threads with abundant pores; basidiospores globose to subglobose, smooth to very faintly ornamented, and smaller than those of L.perlatum . The two species are clearly distinguished by ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequences. Etymology:—Refers to the morphological features which are similar to those of Lycoperdon perlatum . FIGURE 7. Fruiting bodies and microscopic observation of Lycoperdon subperlatum sp. nov . a–c. Fruiting bodies ( a. KA12-0918; b. KA12- 1427; c. KA13-0979). d. Eucapillitial threads of KA12-0918 in 3% KOH. e. Eucapillitial threads of KA12-0918 in CL. f. Exoperidial elements (KA12-0918) in CL. g. Inflated elements in endoperidium (KA12-0918) in 3% KOH. h. Paracapillitial threads of KA12-0918 in CL. i. Basidiospores of KA12-0918 in CL. Scale bars: a–c = 3 cm, d, f = 20 μm, e, g–i = 10 μm. Photos by: C.S. Kim & S-.K. Han. Holotype :— KOREA . Gyeonggi Province , Pocheon-si, Gwangneung Forest , coll. Han et al ., 27 July 2012 ( KA12- 0918 ), deposited in KH. Description:—Basidiomata 20–45 mm diam., 25–60 mm high, subglobose, pyriform to turbinate, slightly or not umbonate, pseudostipe usually well-developed, numerous rhizomorphs attached to substrate. Exoperidium echinate, the spines are deciduous with age; whitish when young, entirely brown to dark brown when old; surface reticulate after fall of the spines. Endoperidium yellowish brown, papery. Gleba olive brown to yellowish brown at maturity, pulverulent. Subgleba grayish yellow to yellowish. Solitary to gregarious. Basidiospores 3.4–3.9 × 3.2–3.7 μm, length/width ratio 1.0–1.1 (n = 30), globose to subglobose, smooth to very faintly ornamented (A in the sense of Demoulin 1972a , b), short pedicel present (<0.7 μm long), pale yellow in 3% KOH. Basidia not observed; basidioles 8.6–12.0 × 5.6–7.3 μm, length/width ratio 1.4–1.8 (n = 10), clavate, without basal clamp. Capillitium of Lycoperdon - type ; eucapillitial threads 3.5–5.2 μm diam., thick-walled (up to 2.5 μm thick), elastic to subelastic, aseptate, straight to subundulate, occasional dichotomous branching, abundantly irregular pores present, pale yellow to brownish in 3% KOH; paracapillitial threads present, 3.0–4.9 μm diam., thin-walled (up to 1.0 μm thick), hyaline in 3% KOH, straight to subundulate, septate. Exoperidium composed of sphaerocysts, 7–28 μm diam., thick-walled (up to 1.5 μm thick), subhyaline to yellowish brown in 3% KOH. Endoperidium composed of tightly interwoven hyphal elements, containing inflated elements resembling sphaerocysts, hyaline in 3% KOH. Habitat:—On rich humus and mixed conifer-hardwood forests. Other specimens examined:— KOREA . Chungbuk Province , Yeongdong-gun , Mt. Minjuji , coll. Han et al . 16 July 2012 ( KA12-0627 ), deposited in KH ; Chungnam Province , Geumsan-gun , Mt. Jinak , coll. Han et al ., 20 June 2012 ( KA12-0281 ), 17 July 2012 ( KA12-0693 ), Mt. Seodae , coll. Han et al ., 22 June 2012 ( KA12-0322 ), deposited in KH ; Jeonbuk Province , Gunsan-si , Daejang Island , coll. Han et al ., 09 July 2012 ( KA12-0494 ), Seonyu Island , coll. Han et al ., 11 July 2012 ( KA12-0533 ), deposited in KH ; Gyeonggi Province , Pocheon-si , Gwangneung Forest , coll. Han et al ., 13 July 2012 ( KA12-0594 ), 24 August 2012 ( KA12-1105 ), 12 September 2012 ( KA12-1427 ), 08 August 2013 ( KA13-0692 ), deposited in KH ; Gyeongnam Province , Geoje-si , Mt. Daebong , coll. Han et al ., 09 September 2013 ( KA13-0967 ), Hamyang-gun , Mt. Gibaek , coll. Han et al ., 19 June 2013 ( KA13-0209 ), 10 September 2013 ( KA13- 0979 ), deposited in KH . Comments:—The macrocharacters of this species are almost identical to those of Korean, European L. perlatum and American L. perlatum . However, they can be distinguished by microscopic characteristics including eucapillitial threads and basidiospore shape and sizes; L. subperlatum have elastic to subelastic eucapillitial threads with abundant pores; the basidiospores are smooth to very faintly ornamented, the size of basidiospores is smaller than related species ( Table 2 ). In addition, this species is clearly distinct from Korean, European, and American L. perlatum in the ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 trees ( Figs. 1 , 2 ).