Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach
Author
Piovesan, Mônica
0000-0003-3367-9358
monica367piovesan@gmail.com
Author
Casagrande, Mirna Martins
0000-0002-6076-8463
mibras@ufpr.br
Author
Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik
0000-0003-3655-4606
omhesp@ufpr.br
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-12-06
5216
1
1
278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.5216.1.1
1175-5326
7403532
F9C92B91-42CF-4D2D-B315-14FF801815D4
Opsiphanes fabricii
(
Boisduval, 1870
)
(
Figs 169–186
)
Diagnosis.
The male of
Opsiphanes fabricii
differs from the males of
Opsiphanes jacobsorum
and
Opsiphanes periphetes
stat. nov.
in the DHW with a defined submarginal band extending to the anal region, usually as wide as the DFW oblique band, between CuA
1
and 2A. The female of
Opsiphanes fabricii
, on the other hand, differs from the female of
Opsiphanes jacobsorum
in the yellow DHW submarginal band, and from the female of
Opsiphanes periphetes
stat. nov.
in the continuous DHW submarginal band between the veins, from the costal margin to, usually, M
2
; the DHW submarginal band has the same width as the DFW oblique band (
Figs 169a
,
171a
).
Opsiphanes fabricii
and
Opsiphanes merianae
stat. rest.
are practically indistinguishable by the external morphology, and are differentiated by means of the genitalia. While the male of
Opsiphanes fabricii
has the tegumen in dorsal view with an anteriorly projected margin, in the male of
Opsiphanes merianae
stat. rest.
the anterior margin of the tegumen has a slight median concavity. The female of
Opsiphanes fabricii
has a C-shaped signum while
Opsiphanes merianae
stat. rest.
has two parallel signa. The geographical distribution can also be used to separate the two species; while
Opsiphanes fabricii
subspecies are trans-Andean,
Opsiphanes merianae
stat. rest.
subspecies are cis-Andean.
Opsiphanes fabricii
is closely related to
Opsiphanes jacobsorum
,
Opsiphanes merianae
stat. rest.
and
Opsiphanes periphetes
stat. nov.
(genetic distance 0.9–1.2%, 1.2–1.9% and 1.0–1.7%, respectively).
Male genitalia.
Tegumen in dorsal view with anterior margin anteriorly projected, shorter than the uncus; anterior projection of saccus in lateral view twice as long as dorsal arms of saccus (
Fig. 179
).
Female genitalia.
Lamella antevaginalis membranous medially and sclerotized laterally; lamella postvaginalis rounded medially; ostium with weaker sclerotization than lamella ante and postvaginalis; corpus bursae longer than the ductus bursae, with C-shaped signum (
Fig. 180
).
Variation.
Subspecies vary in the following characters: DFW, the width of the band inside the discal cell, and in the recesses of the anterior and posterior margins of this band; the width and length of the oblique band; due to variations in the width of these bands, the bifurcated appearence is not always continuous. DHW, the width of the submarginal band. VHW, the zigzag submarginal line EIII is not always evident (
Figs 169–178
).