Order Carnivora Author Wilson, Don E. Author Reeder, DeeAnn text 2005 The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 532 628 book chapter 0-8018-8221-4 10.5281/zenodo.7316519 Lutra lutra (Linnaeus 1758) [Mustela] lutra Linnaeus 1758 , Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 45 . Type Locality: "Europæ aquis dulcibus, fluviis, flagnis, piscinis," subsequently restricted by Thomas (1911 a ) to " Upsala " [ Sweden ] . Vernacular Names: European Otter . Subspecies: : Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. lutra Linnaeus 1758 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. angustifrons Lataste 1885 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. aurobrunneus Hodgson 1839 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. barang F. G. Cuvier 1823 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. chinensis Gray 1837 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. hainana Xu and Lu 1983 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. kutab Schinz 1844 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. meridionalis Ognev 1931 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. monticolus Hodgson 1839 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. nair F. G. Cuvier 1823 Subspecies Lutra lutra subsp. seistanica Birula 1913 Distribution: Afghanistan , Albania , Algeria , Austria , Azerbaijan, Bangladesh , Belarus , Belgium , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , China , Czech Republic , Croatia , Denmark , Estonia , Finland , France , Georgia, Germany , Great Britain , Greece , Hungary , India , Indonesia , Iran , Iraq , Ireland , Israel , Italy , Jordan , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Laos , Latvia , Lithuania , Macedonia, Malaysia , Moldova , Mongolia , Montenegro , Morocco , North and South Korea , Norway , Pakistan , Poland , Portugal , Romania , Russia , Serbia and Montenegro , Slovakia , Slovenia , Spain , Sri Lanka , Sweden , Tajikistan , Taiwan , Tunisia , Turkey , Urkaine, Vietnam . Conservation: CITES – Appendix I; IUCN – Vulnerable. Discussion: Imaizumi and Yoshiyuki (1989) considered Japanese otters a distinct species ( L. nippon ). Synonyms allocated according to Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951) .