Eusocial wasp fauna of Sulawesi Island, the central island of Wallacea (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae, Vespinae) Author Handru, Alan Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan. Author Nugroho, Hari Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. & hntawon @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7985 - 2825 Author Saito-Morooka, Fuki Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan. & fuki. morooka. 3110 @ vc. ibaraki. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4266 - 7981 Author Ubaidillah, Rosichon Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. & ubaidillah 003 @ yahoo. com Author Kojima, Jun-Ichi Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, 310 - 8512, Japan. & junichi. kojima. nat 8 hist @ vc. ibaraki. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8224 - 0715 text Zootaxa 2020 2020-11-27 4885 4 541 559 journal article 9450 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.4.5 ee7b1d15-b0aa-4960-92f5-e2b8ccd5409e 1175-5326 4296946 CBFB90F1-146A-4072-9685-7D7BA815FD0A Polistes ( Polistella ) stigma stigma ( Fabricius, 1793 ) ( Figs. 13–14, 16 , 27) Vespa stigma Fabricius, 1793: 275 . Specimens examined. Sulawesi I. : North Sulawesi : 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), Tangkoko-Batuangus nature reserve [ca. 01˚32’N 125˚12’E], 25.xi.1999 , JK; 1 ♂ ( IUNH ), Manado [ca. 01˚30’N 124˚50’E], 28.xi.1999 , JK; 1 ♂ ( IUNH ), Lemuh near Tamohon [ca. 01˚19’N 124˚50’E], 29.xi.1999 , JK ; 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), Rurukan [ca. 01˚20’N 124˚52’E], 29.xi.1999 , JK ; 1 ♀ , 2 ♂ ( IUNH ), Poigar [ca. 01˚01’N 124˚18’E], 30.xi.1999 , JK ; 13 ♀ , 4 ♂ ( IUNH ), Maria Lama near Poigar , 1.xii.1999 , JK ; 2 ♀ ( IUNH ), 01˚31’S 124˚55’E, alt. ca. 90 m , Mapenget , Manado , 15.ix.2014 , JK et al .; South East Sulawesi : North Kolaka : 16 ♀ ( MZB ), 03˚38’S 121˚04’E, Rante Angin , Tinukari [ 1 ♀ , alt. ca. 100 m , 5.viii.2009 ; 2 ♀ , alt. ca. 185 m , 6.viii.2009 , RU et al .; 8 ♀ , alt. ca. 185 m , 7.viii.2009 ; 3 ♀ , alt. ca. 186 m , 8.viii.2009 , GY et al .; 2 ♀ , alt. ca. 40 m . alt, 12.viii.2009 , GY] ; 12 ♀ , 13 ♂ ( MZB ), 03˚38’S 121˚04’E, Wawo , Tinukari [ 1 ♀ , 2 ♂, alt. ca. 205 m , 12.viii.2009 , GY et al .; 1 ♀ , alt. ca. 195 m , 16.xii.2009 ; 1 ♂, alt. ca. 195 m , 17.xii.2009 , HN et al .; 4 ♀ , 2 ♂, alt. ca. 185 m , 25.vi.2010 ; 2 ♀ , 2 ♂, alt. ca. 185 m , 26.vi.2010 ; 1 ♀ , 2 ♂, alt. ca. 100 m , 27.vi.2010 ; 1 ♀ , 1 ♂, alt. ca. 100 m , 28.vi.2010 ; 1 ♀ , 1 ♂, alt. ca. 185 m , 29.vi.2010 ; 1 ♂, alt. ca. 100 m , 30.vi.2010 ; 1 ♀ , 1 ♂, alt. ca. 185 m , 1.xii.2010 , RU et al .]; 1 ♀ ( MZB ), 03˚64’S 121˚09’E, alt. ca. 430 m , 29.xi.2010 , RU et al .; 1 ♀ ( MZB ), 03˚59’S 121˚34’E, alt. ca. 50 m , Ulunggolaka , Batambaga , 14.viii.2009 , GY; South Konawe : 2 ♀ ( MZB ), 04˚13’S 122˚44’E, alt. ca. 75 m , Sumbersari , Moramo , 4.vii.2010 , RU et al .; Kendari : 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), 03˚58’S 122˚31’E, alt. ca. < 5 m , Mandongo , 21.viii.2014 , JK et al .; 2 ♀ ( IUNH ), 04˚03’S 122˚33’E, alt. ca. 145 m , Nanga Nanga , Andonoahu , 24.viii.2014 , FSM et al .; South Sulawesi : 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), 03˚56’S 119˚41’E, alt. ca. 180 m , Lainungan , Watang Pulu , Sidenreng Rappang , 17.viii.2014 , JK et al .; Toraja Utara : 4 ♀ ( IUNH ), 02˚57’S 119˚58’E, alt. ca. 880 m , Lenbang Tondolangi , Tondon , 18.viii.2014 , JK et al .; 5 ♀ , 6 ♂ ( IUNH ), 02˚57’S 119˚59’E, alt. ca. 880 m , Penanian , Nang-gala, 19.viii.2014 , FSM et al .; 3 ♀ ( IUNH ), 02˚58’S 119˚59’E, alt. ca. 960 m , Nanggala , 19.viii.2014 , HN et al .; 2 ♀ ( IUNH ), 03˚28’S 119˚47’E, alt. ca. 500 m , Bambapuang , Anggeraja , Enrekang , 18.viii.2014 , JK et al .; Toraja Selatan : 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), 03˚12’S 119˚53’E, alt. ca. 1010 m , Patengko , Makerdek , 20.viii.2014 , FSM et al .; 1 ♀ ( IUNH ), 05˚03’S 119˚31’E, alt. ca. 30 m , Maros near airport, 21.viii.2014 , JK et al . Indonesian Archipelago other than Sulawesi I. : Sumatra I. : 16 ♀ , 19 ♂ ( SEHU ), Lubuk Minturun [ca. 00˚50’S 100˚22’E], 13.viii.1982 ; Sipora I. in Mentawai Islands : 1 ♀ ( SEHU ), Sioban [ca. 02˚12’S 99˚43’E], 28.vii.1985 , SY & SKY ; Java I. : 2 ♀ ( MZB ), 07˚50’S 114˚26’E, Baluran NP , 14.ix.2005 , JK & RU ; Bali I. : 2 ♀ ( MZB ), 08˚08’S 115˚04’E, Singaraja , 9.ix.2005 , JK & RU; Lombok I . : 2 ♀ ( IUNH ), 08˚44’S 116˚05’E, Lewdang Andus , Sekotong , 6.xi.2000 , JK . Remarks. Polistes stigma is known to be widely distributed in southern continental Asia, Malay Archipelago, Australia and Pacific Islands, from the Indian subcontinent in the west to Solomon Islands in the east; but the species has not so far been recorded from Sulawesi I. Petersen (1987) recognized 19 subspecies in this species. Selis (2018) synonymized three Philippine “subspecies” ( alagari Petersen, 1987 , dubius de Saussure, 1867, and manillensis de Saussure, 1854) under the nominal species, but, as Carpenter (1996) pointed out, whether these “subspecies” are diagnosable species or synonyms can be determined based on careful comparative studies, possibly in a revision. In this paper, we maintain “subspecies” of Petersen (1987) and have found that the above-listed specimens from Sulawesi I. have characteristics of the nominotypical “subspecies”. Though the wasp has not been recorded in Sulawesi I., it might be distributed throughout the island and seems to be the commonest Polistes species in the island. Distribution records of the nominotypical “subspecies”: Indonesian Archipelago: Sumatra I. and adjacent islands, Java I., Bali I., Borneo I., Lombok I. , Sulawesi I. (NEW RECORD) ; Indochina Peninsular; southern parts of continental China ; Taiwan ( Petersen, 1987 ; Kojima & Yamane, 1990 ; Starr, 1992 ; Nguyen et al ., 2017 ).