The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits Author Huber, Bernhard A. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-19 4395 1 1 178 journal article 30485 10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 1175-5326 1202519 B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 Mesabolivar madalena sp. n. Figs 215–218 , 223–224 , 245–246 Diagnosis. Distinguished from most similar known species ( M. inmanis ) by male cheliceral armature (larger proximal apophyses; compare Figs 215 and 219 ), by evenly curved posterior margin of epigynal plate ( Figs 223 , 245 ), by epigynal pocket farther away from posterior epigynal margin, and by internal female genitalia ( Figs 224 , 246 ; distinctive V-shaped sclerite; pore-plate outer margins parallel). From other similar relatives ( M. mimoso , M. cyaneomaculatus , M. claricae ) by combination of: armature of male chelicerae ( Figs 215–216 ; presence of distinct proximal apophyses, in contrast to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. claricae ); procursus tip with long prolateral apophysis ( Figs 217–218 ; in contrast to M. mimoso ); by absence of epigynal processes ( Figs 223 , 245 ; in contrast to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. claricae ). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition. Type material. BRAZIL : Rio de Janeiro : ♂ holotype , 1♀ paratype , MNRJ (14313), 5♂ 4♀ paratypes , ZFMK (Ar 19071), Santa Maria Madalena, forest fragment (21°58.9–59.1’S, 41°57.2–57.6’W), 480–590 m a.s.l., 30.ix.– 1.x.2010 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). Other material examined. BRAZIL : Rio de Janeiro : 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br10-77), same data as types. Description. Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.6, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME-PME 150 µm, diameter PME 190 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.2/ 0.7. Leg 1: 73.3 (18.0 + 0.8 + 17.7 + 33.1 + 3.7), tibia 2: 12.3, tibia 3: 7.7, tibia 4: 11.3; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.24, 0.28, 0.28, 0.24. FIGURES 215–222. Mesabolivar madalena sp. n. (215–218, ZFMK Ar 19071) and M. inmanis sp. n. (219–222, ZFMK Ar 19072). 215–216, 219–220. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 217–218, 221–222. Tips of left procursi, prolateral and dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (215–216, 219–220, all chelicerae at same scale), 0.3 (217–218, 221–222; all procursi at same scale). COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area, with pair of light marks laterally behind ocular area; sternum orange; legs light brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. BODY. Habitus very similar M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Figs 148–149 ); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, one pair proximal, small and rounded, one pair distal near median line, pointed and very thin in frontal view ( Figs 215–216 ). FIGURES 223–226. Mesabolivar madalena sp. n. (223–224, ZFMK Ar 19071) and M. inmanis sp. n. (225–226, ZFMK Ar 19072). 223, 225. Epigyna, ventral views. 224, 226. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views (arrow points at V-shaped sclerite). Scale lines: 0.5. PALPS. In general very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but larger (femur length 0.83 vs. 0.67–0.73 in M. cyaneomaculatus ); procursus distal part ( Figs 217–218 ) and bulbal process very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. inmanis . LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>45 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. Male (variation). Tibia 1 in three other males: 17.3, 19.5, 19.5. Some males with dark brown legs. One male with very thick femora 2, femora 1–4 width (at half length): –, 0.42, 0.32, 0.30. Female. In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia 1 in four females: 14.0, 14.0, 14.4, 14.7. Epigynum as in Figs 223 , 245 ; anterior plate semicircular, without processes, posterior margin strongly but evenly curved, with median pocket not close to posterior margin; simple large posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 224 , 246 , with V-shaped sclerite and pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging dorsally, outer margins parallel. Distribution. Known from type locality in Rio de Janeiro state ( Brazil ) only ( Fig. 728 ).