New records of nudibranchs and a cephalaspid from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf (Mollusca, Heterobranchia)
Author
Nithyanandan, Manickam
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-8344
Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait
nandan.ocean@gmail.com
Author
Al-Kandari, Manal
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-7929
Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait
Author
Mantha, Gopikrishna
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-5105
Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box. 1638, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait
text
ZooKeys
2021
2021-07-13
1048
91
107
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250
1313-2970-1048-91
8437650994504B55AFABD7414079B51D
8F66AFC800D45491BC9D5813B128DAA5
Caloria indica (Bergh, 1896)
Figure 8
Learchis indica
Bergh, 1896: 385-394, figs 1-4 (Ambon, Indonesia).
Photographic record.
SAASC, Al-Khiran, 18 November 2014, one individual on sand and rock mixed substratum photographed at 3.5 m depth, Don Christopher Pereira.
Description.
The body is slender, translucent white, with a marking of white lines on the dorsum up to the rhinophores. Orange markings are prominent on the anterior part in front of the cerata and along the sides between the cerata. The rhinophores are smooth, white in colour, orange at the base with a prominent orange band at the middle. The oral tentacles also appear white, long, and slender, with basal orange markings. The cerata are fusiform with white, brown, and blue bands and a translucent white tip. The tail is white, long, and pointed.
Distribution.
Indo-West and Central Pacific, Hawaii, Japan, Australia, Indonesia, India, South Africa, Tanzania (
Gosliner 1987
;
Yonow 2008
;
Gosliner et al. 2015
), India (
Sreeraj et al. 2012
), Maldives (
Yonow 1994b
), Thailand (
Mehrotra et al. 2021
), Myanmar (
Sanpanich and Duangdee 2019
), Papua and New Guinea (
Baine and Harasti 2007
), Christmas Island, Fiji, New Caledonia, Oman, Seychelles, and Solomon Islands (
Gosliner et al. 2008
), and now Kuwait (this study).
Remarks.
Inhabits coral reef areas (
Mehrotra et al. 2021
). Feeds on hydroids (
Yonow 2008
;
Gosliner et al. 2015
). A new record to Kuwait and the APG.
Figure 8.
Caloria indica
(Bergh, 1896). Photograph Don Christopher Pereira.