Three new Stenohya species with sexually dimorphic leg I from China (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae)AuthorZhao, Jiaqihttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-4397-1697Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, ChinaAuthorGuo, Xiangbo0000-0002-7074-8642Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, ChinaAuthorZhang, Feng0000-0002-3347-1031Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, ChinatextZooKeys20242024-06-041204105133journal article29808310.3897/zookeys.1204.123294e4749953-66ab-4d5f-be38-ac802a1ae0620CA13BC5-54AD-4782-A883-F282ADA4CDCEStenohya guangmingensissp. nov.Figs 13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
18 Chinese name. 光明狭伪蝎Type material.Holotypemale
(Ps. -
MHBU
-
JX 2023013101
),
China
:
Jiangxi Province
,
Jinggangshan City
,
Guangming Township
, 868
County Road
[
26 ° 26 ' 04 " N
,
114 ° 12 ' 11 " E
],
305 m
a. s. l.
,
31 January 2023
,
in leaf litter and under rocks
(Fig.
14 C, D
),
Xiangbo Guo
,
Jianzhou Sun
,
Tao Zheng
&
Songtao Shi
leg.
Paratypes
:
four males
(Ps. -
MHBU
-
JX 2023013102–05
),
three females
(Ps. -
MHBU
-
JX 2023013106–08
), same data as for holotype
.
Etymology.
The specific name refers to the
type
locality.
Diagnosis.
Carapace with four well-developed eyes, epistome triangular (Figs
15 A
,
16 A
,
17 A
,
18 A
). Male pedipalpal femur with a large tubercle in the median area, two subdistal projections on the prolateral surface; patella smooth; chelal hand with 23 small, triangular, spinous apophyses on the dorsal side (Figs
15 G, H
,
16 C, E
). Male leg I femur with an inward depression at the distal part, patella enlarged (Figs
15 I
,
16 F
). Female carapace 1.02–1.10 times longer than broad; carapace with a total of 29–30 setae; apex of pedipalpal coxa with six long setae; pedipalpal patella 3.39–3.46; pedipalpal movable chelal finger with 92–94 teeth; pedipalpal fixed chelal finger with 95–98 teeth.
Description.Adult male
(
holotype
and male
paratypes
) (Figs
13 A
,
14 B
).
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A
holotype male (dorsal view)
B
paratype female (dorsal view). Scale bars: 2 mm.
Type locality and habitus of
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A
male habitus
B
female habitus
C – D
litter layer inhabited by habitus.
Carapace
(Figs
15 A
,
16 A
). Carapace 1.08–1.16 times longer than broad, with a total of 30–32 setae, including 5–6 near anterior margin and six near posterior margin; with six lyrifissures near the anterior eyes, four lyrifissures near posterior margin; epistome small, triangular, with rounded top; with four corneate eyes; the anterior half of the carapace uplifted and protruded to the sides, the front half significantly wider than the back part.
Holotype male of
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A
carapace, dorsal view
B
right chelicera, dorsal view
C
rallum
D
galea
E
subterminal tarsal seta
F
chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view
G
right pedipalp, dorsal view
H
right chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy, teeth and venom apparatus
I
right leg I, lateral view
J
right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, F, I, J
); 0.2 mm (
B
); 0.1 mm (
C – E
); 1 mm (
G, H
).
Holotype and paratype male of
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A – H
holotype male
I
paratype male
A
carapace, dorsal view
B
right chelicera, dorsal view
C
right chela, lateral view
D
genital area, ventral view
E
right pedipalp, dorsal view
F
right leg I, lateral view
G
right leg IV, lateral view
H
right leg I (basitarsus and telotarsus), lateral view
I
right leg I (basitarsus and telotarsus), lateral view (paratype). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, D, F – I
); 0.2 mm (
B
); 1 mm (
C, E
).
Chelicera
(Figs
15 B
,
16 B
). Hand with seven setae and two lyrifissures; movable finger with one seta; fixed finger with 13–15 teeth; movable finger with 5–6 teeth; serrula exterior with 40–44 lamellae; serrula interior with 36–38 lamellae; galea developed, divided into three main branches, two main branches consisting of two forks each, and another with three forks (Fig.
15 D
); rallum consisting of eight blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basal-most blade shortest (Fig.
15 C
).
Pedipalps
(Figs
15 G, H
,
16 C, E
). Apex of pedipalpal coxa rounded, with 6–7 long setae. Femur with a tubercle in the median area, a big projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, as well as a hook-shaped process near the base of big projection (Figs
15 G
,
16 E
); patella smooth (Figs
15 G
,
16 E
); chelal hand with 17–19 small triangular, spinous apophyses at the dorsal side of distal half, each spinous apophysis with a seta at the base; on the posterior side, few small granular processes dispersedly located at the distal of the hand and near the base of fingers, and a few dentate bulges at the basal of the fixed finger; fixed chelal finger slightly curved upward at median to distal part (Figs
15 H
,
16 C
). Trochanter 1.52–1.83, femur 3.89–5.70, patella 3.53–4.05, chela with pedicel 4.67–4.98, chela without pedicel 4.50–4.80 times longer than broad, movable finger 1.74–2.02 times longer than hand without pedicel. Fixed chelal finger with eight, movable chelal finger with four trichobothria:
eb
and
esb
situated on the base of hand, grouped very closely with
ib
and
isb
;
est
,
et
and
it
grouped distally;
ist
situated midway between
isb
and
it
;
b
and
sb
situated closer to each other in basal half,
st
and
t
close to each other in distal half of movable finger. Venom apparatus present only in fixed chelal finger, venom duct short. Fixed chelal finger with 97–99 pointed teeth, movable finger with 91–95 teeth, 45–57 rounded teeth at base, and 38–46 pointed ones.
Abdomen
.
Pleural membrane granulated. Tergites and sternites undivided, tergal chaetotaxy (I – XI): 4–5: 8–9: 9–11: 9–11: 10–11: 9–11: 9–12: 11–13: 11–12: 8–10: 8–10, sternal chaetotaxy (IV – XI): 23–26: 19–20: 15–19: 13–19: 15–16: 12–14: 10–12: 4–5, sternites VI – VIII with 9–13 medial scattered glandular setae, anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Genital area (Figs
15 F
,
16 D
): sternite II with total of 30–35 setae and two lyrifissures; sternite III with 46–56 setae.
Legs
(Figs
15 I, J
,
16 F – I
). The femur with an inward depression at the distal of the leg I, leg I patella enlarged (Figs
15 I
,
16 F
), and fusing (Figs
15 I
,
16 F, H
) or semi-fusing (Fig.
16 I
) of the basitarsus and telotarsus, the dividing line between the basitarsus and telotarsus inconspicuous or slightly visible. Leg IV generally typical, long, and sinewy (Figs
15 J
,
16 G
). Leg I: trochanter 1.05–1.16, femur 3.47–5.52, patella 2.53–2.90, tibia 3.45–4.29, basitarsus + telotarsus 6.64–6.80 times longer than deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.36–2.78, femur + patella 4.08–4.88, tibia 6.80–7.56, basitarsus 4.23–4.85, telotarsus 6.62–8.40 times longer than deep; tibia with three submedial tactile setae (TS = 0.16, 0.61, 0.92), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.14, 0.83–0.84), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.24–0.30, 0.58–0.60); subterminal tarsal seta bifurcate (Fig.
15 E
). Arolium not divided, shorter than the slender and simple claws.
Adult female
(
paratype
females) (Figs
13 B
,
14 B
): mostly same as males, except where noted.
Carapace
(Figs
17 A
,
18 A
). Smooth and nearly rectangular, 1.02–1.10 times longer than broad, with a total of 27–31 setae, including 6–7 near anterior margin and 6–7 near posterior margin; with two pair lyrifissures near the anterior eyes, two lyrifissures near posterior margin.
Paratype female of
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A
carapace, dorsal view
B
right chelicera, dorsal view
C
rallum
D
galea
E
subterminal tarsal seta
F
chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view
G
right pedipalp, dorsal view
H
right chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy, teeth and venom apparatus
I
right leg I, lateral view
J
right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, D, F – H
); 0.2 mm (
B
); 1 mm (
C, E
).
Paratype female of
Stenohya guangmingensissp. nov.A
carapace, dorsal view
B
right chelicera, dorsal view
C
genital area, ventral view
D
right pedipalp, dorsal view
E
right chela, lateral view
F
right leg I, lateral view
G
right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, C, F, G
); 0.2 mm (
B
); 1 mm (
D, E
).
Chelicera
(Figs
17 B
,
18 B
). Fixed finger with 12–13 teeth; movable finger with seven teeth; serrula exterior with 42–45 lamellae; serrula interior with 35–37 lamellae; galea developed, divided into two main branches, one branch five, while the other three (Fig.
17 D
).
Pedipalps
(Figs
17 G, H
,
18 D, E
). Apex of pedipalpal coxa with six long setae. Femur with some granular projections; trochanter 1.71–2.02; femur 4.90–5.39; patella 3.39–3.46; chela with pedicel 4.13–4.42; chela without pedicel 3.93–4.29 times longer than broad; movable finger 1.62–1.66 times longer than hand without pedicel. Fixed chelal finger with 95–98 pointed teeth, movable finger with 92–94 teeth, 47–48 rounded teeth at base, and 45–46 pointed ones.
Abdomen
.
Tergal chaetotaxy (I – XI): 4–5: 6–7: 8–9: 9–10: 10: 9: 9–10: 11: 9–12: 10–11: 7–10, sternal chaetotaxy (IV – XI): 24–26: 20–23: 16–17: 17–18: 15: 14: 12–13: 4–5, sternites VI – VIII with two medial scattered glandular setae; genital area (Figs
17 F
,
18 C
): sternite II with total of 19–23 setae and two lyrifissures; sternite III with a row of 35–37 setae and two lyrifissures along posterior margin.
Legs
(Figs
17 I, J
,
18 F, G
). Leg I: trochanter 1.42–1.52, femur 4.78–5.95, patella 3.45–3.75, tibia 4.50–4.79, basitarsus 3.29–4.20, telotarsus 5.40–5.55 times longer than deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.48–2.55, femur + patella 4.41–4.58, tibia 7.00–7.83, basitarsus 4.69–4.77, telotarsus 7.67–8.08 times longer than deep; tibia with two submedial tactile setae (TS = 0.20, 0.94), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.13–0.15, 0.84–0.87), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.23–0.26, 0.54–0.59); subterminal tarsal seta bifurcate (Fig.
17 E
).
Measurements(in mm; length / breadth or, for legs, length / depth). Male
(
holotype
and
paratypes
). Body length 3.66–3.92. Carapace 1.48–1.55 / 1.31 – 1.43. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.64–0.75 / 0.41 – 0.43, femur 1.75–1.88 / 0.33 – 0.45, patella 1.34–1.50 / 0.37 – 0.38, chela with pedicel 3.27–3.30 / 0.66 – 0.70, chela without pedicel 3.15–3.17 / 0.66 – 0.70, hand without pedicel length 1.07–1.20, movable finger length 2.09–2.16. Leg I: trochanter 0.40–0.44 / 0.38, femur 1.11–1.18 / 0.21 – 0.32, patella 1.09–1.13 / 0.39 – 0.43, tibia 0.73–0.76 / 0.17 – 0.22, basitarsus + telotarsus 0.93–1.03 / 0.14 – 0.15. Leg IV: trochanter 0.59–0.71 / 0.23 – 0.26, femur + patella 1.55–1.66 / 0.34 – 0.38, tibia 1.36–1.44 / 0.18 – 0.20, basitarsus 0.55–0.63 / 0.12 – 0.13, telotarsus 0.84–0.90 / 0.10 – 0.13.
Female
(
paratypes
). Body length 4.73–6.31. Carapace 1.34–1.43 / 1.30 – 1.32. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.70–0.85 / 0.41 – 0.42, femur 1.94–1.96 / 0.36 – 0.40, patella 1.42–1.49 / 0.41 – 0.44, chela with pedicel 3.35–3.47 / 0.76 – 0.84, chela without pedicel 3.26–3.30 / 0.76 – 0.84, hand without pedicel length 1.25–1.32, movable finger length 2.07–2.14. Leg I: trochanter 0.37–0.38 / 0.25 – 0.26, femur 0.86–1.13 / 0.18 – 0.19, patella 0.69–0.75 / 0.20, tibia 0.67–0.72 / 0.14 – 0.16, basitarsus 0.42–0.46 / 0.10 – 0.14, telotarsus 0.54–0.61 / 0.10 – 0.11. Leg IV: trochanter 0.77–0.84 / 0.31 – 0.33, femur + patella 1.74–1.81 / 0.33 – 0.41, tibia 1.41–1.47 / 0.18 – 0.21, basitarsus 0.61–0.62 / 0.13, telotarsus 0.92–0.97 / 0.12.
Distribution.China
(
Jiangxi
).
Remarks.
The dividing line between basitarsus and telotarsus of the male leg I of this new species is usually indistinct in specimens examined, except for
one paratype
, which has this line slightly visible (Fig.
16 I
). There is no other distinct difference among these male specimens and, as a result, we consider this difference in the visibility of the dividing lines as intraspecific variation.
The males of
S. guangmingensis
,
S. gibba
, and
S. papillata
have a specialized leg I, but this new species can be separated by having a distal depression on leg I femur. Females of this new species can be distinguished from other
Stenohya
species
by the following: carapace 1.02–1.10 times longer than broad (
1.15–1.28 inS. curvata
;
1.13 inS. hainanensis
;
1.33–1.49 inS. huangi
;
1.15–1.28 inS. pengae
;
1.18–1.24 inS. tengchongensis
), the presence of 27–31 setae on carapace (
24 inS. bicornuta
and
S. hainanensis
;
23 inS. meiacantha
and
S. tengchongensis
;
39–42 inS. papillata
); the presence of six long setae on apex of pedipalpal coxa (eight in
S. bicornuta
and
S. papillata
;
10 inS. spinata
), the pedipalpal patella 3.39–3.46 times longer than broad (
2.81–2.86 inS. arcuatа
;
4.70–5.31 inS. huangi
;
2.68 inS. meiacantha
;
3.83–3.93 inS. pengae
;
3.53–3.62 inS. spinata
;
2.63–2.67 inS. tengchongensis
); the presence of 92–94 teeth on pedipalpal movable chelal finger (
115–119 inS. arcuatа
;
68 inS. bomica
;
46–51 inS. huangi
;
76 inS. meiacantha
;
79–87 inS. gibba
;
45–55 inS. pengae
;
76–78 inS. spinata
); and the presence of 95–98 teeth on pedipalpal fixed chelal finger (
124–129 inS. arcuatа
;
105 inS. bicornuta
;
76 inS. bomica
;
63–69 inS. huangi
;
84 inS. meiacantha
;
66–79 inS. pengae
) (
Zhao and Zhang 2011
;
Zhao et al. 2011
;
Hu and Zhang 2012
;
Yang and Zhang 2013
;
Guo and Zhang 2016
;
Guo et al. 2019
;
Zhan et al. 2023
).