Three new species and two new records of the genus Phaenocarpa Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae) from South Korea Author Sohn, Ju-Hyeong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-4114 Animal Systematics Lab., Department of Biology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea Author van Achterberg, Cornelis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture / Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China Author Lee, Gyeonghyeon Animal Systematics Lab., Department of Biology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea Author Kim, Hyojoong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-2991 Animal Systematics Lab., Department of Biology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea hkim@kunsan.ac.kr text Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2021 2021-10-29 86 1 17 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.86.69998 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.86.69998 1314-2607-86-1 5E60582B54FE485681958BB4A3E1A264 7EB35B7ECE7A53C5B846B1803963E366 5650409 Phaenocarpa brachyura Sohn & van Achterberg sp. nov. Figure 2A-L Type material. Holotype , ♀ (KNA), South Korea , DMZ Botanical Garden, Mandae-ri, Haean-myeon, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do, 38°15'09.3"N , 128°06'40.6"E , 21.VIII-05.IX.2017, Shin, Kim. GenBank accession no. MZ318087 for the barcoding sequence of the COI region Comparative diagnosis. Runs to the East Palaearctic P. basarukini Belokobylskij, 1998 and to the West Palaearctic P. curticauda van Achterberg, 1998 because of the short ovipositor sheath (approx. 0.7 times as long as hind tibia). The new species differs from P. basarukini by the slightly longer ovipositor sheath (0.5-0.6 times as long as hind tibia in P. basarukini ), first mandibular tooth distinctly lobe-shaped and middle tooth slenderer, pterostigma and hind femur wider. Differs from P. curticauda by the wider pterostigma, longer 1r-m of hind wing and 1-CU1 of fore wing, second tooth less widened dorsally, complete notauli, first tergite 1.4 times longer than its apical width and areola of propodeum wider. Colour . Head black, around eye brown; antenna yellowish brown; mandible brown and apically dark brown. First tergite dark brown and mesonotum entirely black. Head . Head (Fig. 2D ) width 1.6 times median length in dorsal view. Antenna (Fig. 2B ) twice as long as body, 41 segmented. Fourth segment 1.4 times longer than third segment and 1.2 times longer than fifth segment. Eye slightly oval, 1.2 times as long as wide in lateral view. Width of face (Fig. 2E ) 1.6 times its height from ventral rim of antennal sockets to upper margin of clypeus; face with long setae. Eye in dorsal view 2.4 times as long as temple. Ocello-ocular line 3.0 times longer than diameter of anterior ocellus; OOL:AOL:POL = 21:5:7. Stemmaticum concave. Mandible with three teeth (2L), subparallel-sided, first mandibular tooth distinctly lobe-shaped and separated from second tooth by incision. Labrum 2.9 times longer than wide. Maxillary palp 0.4 times longer than mesosoma. Figure 2. Phaenocarpa brachyura sp. nov., ♀ A body B antennae C wings D head, dorsal E head, anterior F mesosoma, lateral G mesosoma, dorsal H propodeum and T1 to T3, dorsal I ovipositor and its sheaths, lateral J tarsus, lateral K tarsus, dorsal L mandible, lateral. Mesosoma . Mesosoma (Fig. 2G ) 2.1 times longer than wide in dorsal view. Notauli crenulated, reaching medio-posterior depression; scutellar sulcus with two carinae; in lateral view, mesopleuron and metapleuron with long setae. Anterior half of propodeum smooth, posterior of median carina strongly wrinkled (Fig. 2H ), lateral view of propodeum not curved dorsally; precoxal sulcus (Fig. 2F ) shallow and with 10 crenulae. Fore wing (Fig. 2C ) 2.3 times longer than wide; pterostigma long and narrow, 2.9 times longer than wide; vein r of fore wing 1.9 times longer than wide; vein 2-SR slightly bent; vein 2-SR+M and r-m not sclerotized; vein 2-SR:vein r:vein 3-SR = 10:2:18; first subdiscal cell of fore wing ca 0.6 times longer than wide. Leg . Hind coxa compressed, grooved and 1.3 times longer than hind trochanter; hind femur 0.7 times longer than hind tibia; hind tibia 0.8 times longer than hind tarsus. Metasoma . First tergite widened posteriorly, striate and narrow, 1.4 times longer than its apical width; T1:T2 = 48:37. Setose part of ovipositor sheath (Fig. 2I ) 0.6 times as long as mesosoma, 0.7 times as long as hind tibia and with setae. Male. Unknown. Distribution. South Korea. Etymology. From "brachys" (Greek for short) and "oura" (Greek for tail) because of the comparatively short ovipositor sheath.