A new species of Macropelopia Thienemann, 1916 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Southern Brazil Author Dantas, Galileu P. S. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade (CoBio), Divisão de Curso em Entomologia (DiEnt), Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Author Siri, Augusto Instituto de Limnología “ Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet ” (ILPLA), CONICET-UNLP-FCNyM, Bv. 120 y 62, La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Author Hamada, Neusa 0000-0002-3526-5426 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade (CoBio), Divisão de Curso em Entomologia (DiEnt), Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & nhamada @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3526 - 5426 nhamada@inpa.gov.br text Zootaxa 2023 2023-06-23 5306 5 551 562 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5306.5.3 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.5.3 1175-5326 8073230 9AF475B4-18FE-480E-BC15-8F7C6BA5386B Key to males of Neotropical species of Macropelopia 1a. Gonostylus slender ( Andersen 2018 , Figs. 5–6 ); Chile ........................... M. ( Bethbilbeckia ) chilensis Andersen 1b. Gonostylus relatively stout, broad basally and apically tapered ( Silva & Pinho 2020 , Fig. 1G ; Fig. 2D in the present study).. ................................................................................................... 2 2a. Wing membrane translucid, darkened only around Cu, MCu, RM and bases of R 1 , R 2+3 and R 4+5 ; tibiae dark brown only in apex and base; R 3 not reaching costa; Argentina ..................................... M. (s. str.) patagonica Silva & Pinho 2b. Wing membrane with dark-brown spots; tibiae with several dark-brown bands; R 3 reaching costa; Brazil ........................................................................................... M. (s. str.) multifasciata sp. nov.