Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil Author Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Mendes Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea (www. biologiasubterranea. com. br), Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Cx Postal 3037, Campus Universitário, CEP 37200 - 000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Author Junta, Vitor Gabriel Pereira Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea (www. biologiasubterranea. com. br), Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Cx Postal 3037, Campus Universitário, CEP 37200 - 000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Author Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Rua Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, Cuiabá, 78060 - 900, Brazil. Author Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea (www. biologiasubterranea. com. br), Setor de Biodiversidade Subterrânea, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Cx Postal 3037, Campus Universitário, CEP 37200 - 000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. text Zootaxa 2023 2023-04-04 5263 1 1 39 http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.1 1175-5326 7797711 3386FD59-2075-4F6A-8B21-B36C7F463EA9 Is Endecous ( Ramalhoecous ) infernalis n. sp. a troglobitic species? The length of the compound eyes of E. ( E .) zin n. sp. , E . ( E .) zaum n. sp. and E . ( R .) infernalis n. sp. are similar, even though the three species have different body sizes. Through morphometric analyses, it was verified that the compound eyes of E. ( R .) infernalis n. sp. are reduced when compared to the compound eyes of E . ( E .) zin n. sp. Besides that, it was found that the legs I and II of E . ( R .) infernalis n. sp. are elongated when compared to the legs I and II of E. ( E .) zin n. sp. and E . ( E .) zaum n. sp. The reduction of ocular structures and elongation of ambulatory appendages are well known troglomorphisms ( Desutter-Grandcolas 1998b ) and have now been observed in E . ( R .) infernalis n. sp. Those characteristics represent adaptations to a strictly subterranean lifestyle, and are, therefore, indicative of the troglobitic nature of this species. Nonetheless, conducting the inventory of the fauna in the surroundings of the caves where E . ( R .) infernalis n. sp. were found may further validated this hypothesis.