Novel taxa of Cheilostomata Bryozoa discovered in the historical backlogs of the Iziko South African Museum Author Boonzaaier-Davids, Melissa K. Research and Exhibitions Department, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa. & Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa. Author Florence, Wayne K. 0000-0003-0224-2874 Research and Exhibitions Department, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa. & wflorence @ iziko. org. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0224 - 2874 wflorence@iziko.org.za Author Gibbons, Mark J. 0000-0002-8320-8151 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa. & mgibbons @ uwc. ac. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8320 - 8151 mgibbons@uwc.ac.za text Zootaxa 2020 2020-07-27 4820 1 105 133 journal article 8923 10.11646/zootaxa.4820.1.5 ce83a1e1-c5fb-4b14-87a3-658d8f417ba8 1175-5326 4397377 033AB19B-0887-42F3-B284-E3D40148FE7B Triphyllozoon sp. ( Fig. 11E, F ) Material examined. SAMC-A 028793 (dry), AFR 730; SAMC-A 028791 (dry), AFR 736; SAMC-A 028905 (in ethanol), TRA 73. Description. Colony erect, reticulate, forming a lacy network (not figured); abfrontal side with extrazooidal calcification; basal attachment thickened by extrazooidal calcification. Autozooids elongate, frontal shield smooth with a few marginal pores. Orifice sinuate, with a peristome formed by frontal thickening along half of the lateral sides of the orifice and proximally; marginal processes developing along the peristome. Paired oral spine bases. Ovicells hyperstomial; ectooecium with non-calcified trifoliate fissure (not figured). Adventitious avicularia sporadic: either small and oval, placed medially or one side of the frontal shield, laterally or proximo-laterally directed, with complete crossbar; and/or large and acutely triangular, placed medially on the frontal and directed proximally. Remarks. Although the fragmented nature of this colony, the zooidal features allow to confidently place this species in the genus Triphyllozoon . The distinctive ectooecium with trifoliate frontal fissure was observed in one specimen, though not figured because damaged. This is the first known Triphyllozoon record from South Africa . However, the species identity remains in open nomenclature as more material is required for an accurate diagnosis. Triphyllozoon sp. was sampled attached to hard substrata off Hondeklip Bay and Lambert’s Bay on the West Coast of South Africa at 201–459 m depth .