A new synonym of Enkianthus perulatus (Ericaceae) in East Asia, based on morphological and molecular evidence Author Liang, Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1392-2886 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China Author Jiang, Lu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-5915 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China Author Li, Danqi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-8537 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China & Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China Author Yang, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-5446 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China Author Fan, Dengmei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9825-8605 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China dmf.625@163.com Author Zhang, Zhiyong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0490-4181 Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China zhangzy@mail.jxau.edu.cn text PhytoKeys 2022 2022-11-25 214 61 74 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.214.94294 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.214.94294 1314-2003-214-61 D1ACC69E4EDB54BBB11B6DA5402366A7 Enkianthus perulatus (Miq.) C.K. Schneid Andromeda perulata Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 31. 1863. Basionym. Type: Japan. W. Botanicus 57 (holotype: L-0007044!, Suppl. material 1: fig. S1A). Enkianthus japonicus Hook. f., Bot. Mag. 96: 5822. 1870. Type: Japan. 1860, R. Alcock s.n. (holotype: K-000780276!). ≡ Enkianthus perulatus var. japonicus (Hook. f.) Nakai, J. Jap. Bot. 12(12): 896. 1936. ≡ Enkianthus perulatus f. japonicus (Hook. f.) Kitam., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 25: 36. 1972. Enkianthus taiwanianus - Enkianthus taiwanianus S.S. Ying, Quart. J. Chin. Forest. 9: 145. 1976. Type: China. Taoyuan City, Peichiatienshan, 1976, Ying 5301 (holotype: NTUF-F00006903!; isotype: NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372!). ≡ Enkianthus perulatus var. taiwanianus (S.S. Ying) Y.C. Liu, Tr. Taiwan 514. 1988. Enkianthus calophyllus - Enkianthus calophyllus T.Z. Hsu, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 7(2): 151-152. 1985. syn. nov. Type: China. Zhejiang: Jingning County, 16 May 1959, S.Y. Zhang 5286 (holotype: PE-00005629!, Suppl. material 1: fig. S1B; isotype: NAS-00063024!, KUN-0001289!). Description. Deciduous shrubs up to 3 m tall. Branchlets terete, glabrous. Leaves alternate on young shoots, generally 4-6 crowded at apex of branchlets; petioles 0.5-1.4 cm long; blades papery, oblong, obovate-oblong, rhombic-elliptic or elliptic, 2-5 cm long, 0.8-3.0 cm wide, apex acuminate, mucronate, base attenuate-cuneate or cuneate, margin ciliate, upper surface glabrous except sparsely pubescent on midrib, lower surface villous along lower part of midrib. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate, 1-5-flowered, pendulous. Pedicels 1.0-2.2 cm long, glabrous, reflexed at flowering, straight at fruiting. Bracts lanceolate, white or green, 0.8-1.8 cm long, caducous. Calyx lobes triangular, 2-4 mm long, glabrous, deeply 5-lobed. Corollas urceolate, with distinct basal gibbosities, white, 6-8 mm long, 5-8 mm wide, shallowly 5-lobcd; lobes widely ovate, obtuse, much reflexed. Stamens 10, ca. 2/3 as long as corolla; filaments villous at base, anthers with 2 awns on upper dorsal side. Ovaries glabrous. Capsules erect, oblong, 5-ridged, 5-7 mm long, 3-4 mm wide. Seeds compressed, narrowly oblong, ca. 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, with marginal-like ridges, without distinct wings. Phenology. Flowering from April to May; fruiting from May to November. Distribution and habitat. Enkianthus perulatus is distributed in China (Zhejiang Fujian, Jiangxi and Taiwan) and Japan (Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu) (Fig. 1 ). It grows on open rocky slopes, mountain slopes, cliffs, serpentine area, by roadsides or at forest margins at altitudes of 200-1600 m. Additional specimens examined. China. Zhejiang : Yueqing City, Yandangshan, 6 April 2015 , X.Y. Ye 2015040609 (CSH); ibidem , 20 May 2019 , H. Liang LSBZ - 259 (JXAU). Fujian : Taining County , Xinqiao Town , 16 June 1978 , G.L. Cai 445 (KUN). Jiangxi : Jinggangshan City , Jinggang Mountains , 15 July 1965 , S.K. Lai et al . 4466 (LBG); Lichuan County , Huixianfeng , 20 October 1985 , S.K. Lai & D.F. Huang 473 (LBG); ibidem , 16 November 2021 , H. Liang 088 (JXAU). Taiwan : Taibei City , Tunlu , 14 April 1935 , T. Suzuki 19235 (TAI); Taibei City , Lupeishan , 16 April 1991 , Y.B. Cheng & T.S. Hsieh 1202 (TAI); Taoyuan City , Peichatienshan , 28 September 1984 , R.T. Li 3532 (TAI); Chiayi City , Alishan , 5 April 1982 , Y.F. Chen 4604 (TAI), ibidem , 17 May 1982 , Y.F. Chen 4902 (TAI). Japan. Honshu : Wakayama-Prefecture , Ohdaigahara Mountains , 23 May 1925 , S. Saito (PE); Shizuoka-Prefecture , Tagata-gun , Sanagi Mountains , 24 April 1952 , M. Furuse 24733 (PE); Nagano-Prefecture , Iida-shi , 27 April 1962 , M. Furuse 39658 (PE); Aichi-Prefecture , Minami-shitara-gun, 22 April 1978 , M. Furuse 12532 (PE); Aichi-Prefecture , Shinshiro-shi , 6 August 1978 , M. Furuse 13039 (PE) . Additional specimens of Enkianthus serrulatus examined. China. Guangxi : Debao County, 25 April 1977, D. Fang et al. 3-219 (GXMI); Longsheng County, 24 August 2018, H. Liang LSBZ-218 (JXAU); Longlin County, 17 May 1977, T.H. Wei 3-0606 (GXMI); Xingan County, 26 July 1997, G.Z. Li 15137 (PE). Guizhou : Chishui City, 24 May 2020, H. Liang LSBZ-297 (JXAU); Leishan County, 13 June 2020, H. Liang LSBZ-323 (JXAU); Songtao County, 22 July 1959, T.P. Zhu et al. 1592 (KUN); Suiyang County, 11 May 2010, Y.F. Zhou KKS101197 (ZY); Zhengan County, 14 October 2014, H.W. Zhang 520324141014031LY (GZTM). Hubei : Lichuan County, 7 October 1980, B. Bartholomew et al. 2014 (PE); Tongshanx County, 14 May 2017, H.Y. Zhan et al. LXP5905 (LBG); Yichang City, 19 March 2017, D.G. Zhang et al. ZCJ170319117 (JIU). Hunan : Sangzhi County, 4 August 2017, Z.Y. Zhang et al. LSBZ-142 (JXAU); Xinning City, 5 July 2017, Z.K. Liu LSBZ-135 (JXAU); Yongshun County, 3 August 2017, Z.Y. Zhang et al. LSBZ-138 (JXAU); Zhangjiajie City, 11 September 2015, H. Zhou & D.S. Zhou 15091113 (CSFI). Jiangxi : Jinggangshan City, 27 August 2020, Y.F. Liu LSBZ-365 (JXAU); Luxi County, 23 June 1984, M.X. Nie 113 (LBG); Suichuan County, 24 June 2016, Z.C. Liu et al. Lxp-13-18312 (SYS); Wuning County, 22 May 2014, Y.H. Zhan et al. LXP0912 (LBG). Sichuan : Hechuan City, 1934, D.J. Yu 3112 (PE); Leibo County, 3 July 1983, Q.S. Zhao & Z.J. Zhao 121212 (PE); Xuyong County, 17 September 2013, W.B. Ju & H.N. Deng HGX13668 (CDBI). Yunnan: Maguan County, 31 July 1961, S.G. Wu 3597 (KUN); Suijiang County, 4 May 1973, B.X. Sun 0112 (KUN). Chongqing : Fengjie County, 28 June 1958, M.Y. Fang 24515 (NAS); Shizhu County, 2 June 1978, W.H. Wang 1571 (CDBI).