Review of the genus Karschia Walter, 1889 from Xizang, China (Solifugae, Karschiidae) Author Fan, Wenlong https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6854-6330 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China Author Zhang, Chao 0000-0003-1702-1206 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China Author Zhang, Feng 0000-0002-3347-1031 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China text ZooKeys 2024 2024-06-04 1204 155 190 journal article 298085 10.3897/zookeys.1204.120164 31abc999-2e6e-474c-a4f3-149976ea0813 02D0B0C3-219A-46F6-A433-D1D77CE5F312 Karschia ( Karschia ) namling sp. nov. Figs 1 , 2 H , 5 E – H , 7 E, F , 10 E – H , 11 F , 12 F , 15 E – H , 16 K, L , 17 F , 18 E , 19 J, L , Tables 1 , 2 Type material. Holotype ♂ ( MHBU - Sol-XZ 2023073001 ), China : Xizang , Namling County , Nubma Town , 29.5172 ° N , 89.6237 ° E , 4016.27 m elev., 30. VIII. 2023 , leg. Yanmeng Hou , Zhiyong Yang . Paratypes : 1 ♂ ( MHBU - Sol-XZ 2023073002 ), 4 ♀♀ ( MHBU - Sol-XZ 2023073003 –07), same data as holotype . Etymology. Noun in apposition taken from Namling County, where this species was collected. Diagnosis. K. namling sp. nov. differs from K. nubigena by have fringed flagellum (Fig. 11 F ), differs from K. tibetana , K. dingye sp. nov. , K. lhasa sp. nov. and K. zhui sp. nov. by flagellum with lateral apophysis (Fig. 11 F ), and from Karschia shigatse sp. nov. by less wide cheliceral fixed finger mucron, flagellum with small lateral apophysis (Fig. 11 F ). Female differs from other species by its genital operculum triangular (Fig. 17 F ) and ctenidia on sternite IV very short (Fig. 18 F ). Description. Male. Holotype ( MHBU - Sol-XZ 2023073001 ). Measurements . Total body length 16.61, CL 4.68, CH 1.58, PL 2.35, PW 3.04, A / CP 8.66, CL / CH 2.97. Pedipalp 22.21 (6.51, 6.56, 4.60, 1.50), Leg I 14.99 (3.56, 3.93, 2.59, 1.36, 0.12), Leg II 11.46 (2.52, 2.65, 1.46, 1.17, 0.19), Leg III 16.72 (3.45, 4.39, 2.86, 0.92, 0.92), Leg IV 23.73 (4.81, 6.47, 3.54, 1.42, 1.43). Coloration . In 95 % ethanol-preserved specimens (Fig. 5 E, F ). The general background pale yellowish. Opisthosoma slightly darker, with black tergites and yellow around the black sternites. Propeltidium pale tan and tinged with pale brown. Ocular tubercle black. Mesopeltidium and metapeltidium with special black stripes. Chelicerae with manus predominantly brown yellowish, with some black areas, and a retrolateral view of chelicerae with three black longitudinal stripes. Pedipalps and legs pale yellow, legs III and legs IV tinged with pale brown on distal regions of femora and proximal parts of tibiae. Proximal regions of the pedipalpal femur, tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus were tinged with brown. Malleoli white. Propeltidium . Wider than long with a dense pubescence of thin, short, anteriorly directed setae. Anterior, posterior, and lateral edges with several long, curved spiniform setae that stand perpendicular to the surface of the propeltidium. Ocular tubercle with four middle distal spiniform setae, one middle spiniform setae, and one proximal spiniform setae. (Fig. 7 E ). Chelicerae . Fixed finger primary teeth graded as FD < FM ≈ FP . Profondal teeth series with three tiny teeth; retrofondal teeth series with six teeth. Dental formulation of fixed finger: FD - (2) - FM - (2) - FP - (6 RF) (3 PF). Fixed finger mucron without dorsal crest. Movable finger MP tooth about the same size as MM . Dental formulation of movable finger: MM - (2) - MP , with two tiny MSM and three MSP (Figs 10 E , 15 E ). Flagellum coiled, fringed and sessile, with a small lateral apophysis. The flagellar complex includes two short fcp and two short, thick fcs (Figs 10 F , 11 F , 15 F ). Retrolateral and dorsal surfaces of the manus with large, bifurcated tip setae and short, simple tip bristle-like setae; retrolateral and dorsal surfaces of the fixed finger with simple tip setae of different sizes. Retrolateral setose area reaching the FSM teeth; prolateral surface with an array of setal types (Figs 10 E, F , 15 E, F ). Opisthosoma . The entire surface covered with almost adpressed setae and numerous long, curved, bifurcate setae. Sternite III with numbers short and cylindrical ctenidia (Fig. 19 J ). Sternite IV with 14 long peg-like ctenidia, the length of which almost 1 / 3 the width of the succeeding sternite (Fig. 19 L ). Figure 19. Ctenidia on sternite III (A, B, E, F, I, J) and sternite IV (C, D, G, H, K, L) of male A, C K. tibetana B, D K. dingye sp. nov. E, G K. lhasa sp. nov. F, H K. zhui sp. nov. I, K. K. shigatse sp. nov. J, L K. namling sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Pedipalps . Totally covered with short setae and long, thick setae. Tarsus with six sturdy ventral spines; metatarsus with eight ventral spines not arranged in pairs and with thick papillae (Fig. 16 K, L ). Legs . Totally covered with long, thick setae and short setae. Leg I with no spines and two small claws. Tibias II, III, and IV with a pair of distal spines ventrally. Tibias II and III with a single dorsal spine; metatarsi II and III with a series of three dorsal spines, a pair of distal spines ventrally, and some paired short, thick, spine-shaped bristles over their entire ventral surface. Metatarsus IV also with these paired bristles over its entire ventral surface and two distal spines ventrally. Female. Paratype . ( MHBU - Sol-XZ 2023073003 ). Measurements . Total body length 21.28, CL 6.77, CH 2.53, PL 2.76, PW 4.39, A / CP 4.6, CL / CH 2.67. Pedipalp 16.16 (4.70, 4.40, 3.63, 1.25), Leg I 9.872 (2.18, 2.89, 1.66, 0.98, 0.19), Leg II 10.49 (1.93, 2.21, 1.80, 0.84, 0.66), Leg III 11.56 (2.04, 2.96, 1.44, 0.43, 0.50), Leg IV 17.90 (4.06, 4.74, 2.06, 0.49, 0.99). Coloration . In 75 % ethanol-preserved specimens (Fig. 5 G, H ). Coloration as in the males. Propeltidium . Much wider than long with a dense pubescence of thin, short, anteriorly directed setae. Anterior, posterior, and lateral edges with several long, curved spiniform setae that perpendicular to the surface of the propeltidium. Ocular tubercle with four middle distal spiniform setae and three middle spiniform setae arranged in a triangle shape (Fig. 7 F ). Chelicerae . Dental formulation of fixed finger: FD - (2) - FM - (2) - FP - (6 RF) (5 PF). Dental formulation of movable finger: MM - (2) - MP , with four MST and four MSP . Fondal teeth graded as II, III, IV, V, I, tiny VI retrolaterally; I, II, III, IV, tiny V prolaterally (Figs 10 G, H , 12 F , 15 G, H ). Opisthosoma . The entire surface covered with almost adpressed setae and numerous long, curved, bifurcate setae. Genital operculum triangular in shape with no clear demarcation between the plates., and the rear edge of the genital sternite not chitinized (Fig. 17 F ). Sternite IV with 14 short needle-like ctenidia extending 1 / 3 the length of the succeeding sternite (Fig. 18 E ). Pedipalps . Totally covered with short setae and long, thick setae. Legs . As in the males. Variability. Female. Total length 20.13–23.67. Body coloration pale yellow to yellow. The number of cheliceral fixed finger fondal teeth 10–12 (profondal teeth 4–6; retrofondal teeth 6–7). MST 3–5, MSP 3–4. The number of ctenidia on sternite IV 14–16. Distribution and habitat. China ( Xizang ). Habitat: grassland (Fig. 2 H ). Remark. Based on the comparison of genetic distances, with a genetic distance of 0 % (Table 2 ) between male and female collected from same locations, we believe that they are same species.