A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data Author Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, conjunto Presidente Castelo Branco III, João Pessoa, PB 58050 - 000, Brazil & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB 58429 - 500, Brazil & Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618 - 970, Brazil a_marceniuk@hotmail.com Author Oliveira, Claudio Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618 - 970, Brazil Author Ferraris Jr, Carl J. 545 NE Floral Pl., Portland, OR 97232, USA text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2024 2023-08-21 200 2 426 476 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078 journal article 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078 0024-4082 11240120 5D6C7EBF-E568-4100-9364-2DD357003878 Subtribe Ariina Bleeker, 1858 ( Figs 1–3 , 24 ) Diagnosis (all of ambiguous optimization) Posterior cranial fontanel formed by frontals and parieto-supraoccipital (25, 1> 0), state 1 in Arius leptonotacanthus , Arius nenga , Osteogeneiosus , and Pseudosciades ; anterior margin of otolith straight or slightly irregular (71, 0> 1), state 0 in Hemiarius stormii ; otolith posterior margin rounded (74, 1> 0), state 0 in Hemiarius stormii ; orientation of exoccipital bony crest perpendicular to vertebral column and directed posteriorly (92, 0> 1), state 0 in Hexanematichthys ; sesamoid bone I very long and subtriangular (145, 0> 1), state 2 in Osteogeneiosus ; 14 or fewer ribs (213, 1> 0), state 1 in Hexanematichthys ; second dorsal cleithral process dorsally directed and parallel to first dorsal process (226, 0> 1), state 0 in Arius aff. nenga , Batrachocephalus , and Hexanematichthys . Included genera Arius Valenciennes, 1840 Batrachocephalus Bleeker, 1846 Betancurichthys gen. nov. Cephalocassis Bleeker, 1852 Cryptarius Kailola, 2004 Jayaramichthys gen. nov. Kyataphisa gen. nov. Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862 Hemipimelodus Bleeker, 1857 Hexanematichthys Bleeker, 1858 Ketengus Bleeker, 1846 Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846 Pseudosciades gen. nov. Remarks The recognition of the subtribe Ariina corroborates the results of a previous molecular study (Betancur-R. 2009), which uncovered a distinct lineage of the Ariinae in Asia vs. that in Papua New Guinea and Australia ( Doiichthyina ).