A contribution to the genus Afronurus Lestage, 1924 in China (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae, Ecdyonurinae) Author Zhang, Wei B7919DEB-15AA-4915-B155-9866D4ECFA06 The Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. zyhnjnu@163.com Author Lei, Zhi-Ming 720E4C28-2AF3-4E95-B0A5-DA16506B0A24&77E8C53E-8710-4C92-9283-7D99D2095765 The Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. & The Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. zrqz.lzm@qq.com&1824201416@qq.com Author Zhou, Chang-Fa 73E0090E-6A83-4238-893C-EFD79A2590DA The Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. zhouchangfa@njnu.edu.cn text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-09-15 767 1 94 116 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.767.1491 journal article 4206 10.5852/ejt.2021.767.1491 af600829-34a8-4c58-b5af-adaac0d1a78e 2118-9773 5514875 B606054C-025E-43AC-9507-14E755343A7A Afronurus rubromaculatus ( You, Wu, Gui & Hsu, 1981 ) Figs 6E , 7J–L , 12D , 13G–H Cinygmina rubromaculata You, Wu, Gui & Hsu, 1981: 28 , pl. 2 figs 14–24 (male, female). Types : male, female, from Jiangsu , China . Cinygmina hainanensis She, Gui & You, 1995: 72 , fig. 1 (male, female, male subimago). Types : male, female subimago from Hainan (synonymized by Zhou & Zheng 2003: 758 ). Cinygmina rubromaculata – Gui 1985: 86 . — Wu et al. 1986: 65, figs 1–11 (nymph). — Zhang & Cai 1991: 237 . — You & Gui 1995: 52 , fig. 51 (male). Ecdyonurus rubromaculatus – Tshernova et al. 1986: 114 . Afronurus rubromaculatus – Braasch & Jacobus 2011: 65 . Fig. 12. Male abdominal terga of five species of Afronurus Lestage, 1924 . A . A. furcatus ( Zhou & Zheng, 2003 ) (NNU) . B . A. hunanensis ( Zhang & Cai, 1991 ) (NNU) . C . A. obliquistriatus ( You et al ., 1981 ) (NNU) . D . A. rubromaculatus ( You et al ., 1981 ) (NNU) . E . A. yixingensis ( Wu & You, 1986 ) (NNU) . Scale bars = 1.0 mm. Material examined Holotype CHINA • ♂ ; Jiangsu Province , Yi-Xing city, Ming-Ling village ; 31°10′5.02″ N , 119°40′17.52″ E ; alt. 67 m ; 15 Jul. 1980 ; T. Wu leg.; NNU . Paratypes CHINA • 48 ♂♂ , 27 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; NNU . Additional material CHINA • 6 ♂♂ (reared from mature nymphs), 7 ♂♂ subimagoes, 10 ♀♀ , 8 ♀♀ subimagoes, 40 nymphs; Hunan Province , Zhang-Jia-Jie city, Jin-Bian creek ; 29°20′45.14″ N , 110°32′46.36″ E ; alt. 253 m ; 12 Aug. 2019 ; R. Lo and W. Zhang leg.; NNU . Description Nymph See Zhou & Zheng (2003: 758 , fig. 7, first description). Male imago See You et al . (1981: 28 , figs 14–24, original description). Egg ( Fig. 6E ) Ovoid, small KCTs concentrated at each pole, large KCTs and oval micropyle located equatorially. Remarks Compared to other Chinese congeners, A. rubromaculatus resembles A. obliquistriatus in the nymph because of the similar color patterns of the head and abdomen. However, the nymphal and imaginal stages of these two species can be identified by other characters, as mentioned in remarks for A. obliquistriatus . Additionally, the genitalia of A. rubromaculatus have an obvious projection between divergent penial lobes ( Fig. 13G–H ), which makes it seems closer to the Vietnamese species A. cervina Braasch & Soldán, 1984 . Nevertheless, the particular color pattern (terga pale medially and reddish laterally) of A. rubromaculatus is unique and distinguishable in the genus ( Fig. 12D ). The nymphal characters of A. rubromaculatus , such as the pale dots on the head capsule and larger body size (8.0–12.0 mm), can help differentiate them effectively. Distribution China ( Jilin , Liaoning , Hebei , Henan , Hubei , Hunan , Shaanxi , Sichuan , Guizhou , Jiangsu , Zhejiang , Guangdong , Hainan ).