Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae) Author Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz 0000-0003-2163-0143 Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 zatwar@uni.opole.pl Author Mathis, Wayne N. 0000-0003-2163-0143 Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 & Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 & Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 zatwar@uni.opole.pl text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-30 5487 1 1 100 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1 1175-5334 13210771 50AC1672-FC20-4502-8D8A-4BCAE95F719B 9. Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant and Wheeler Figs. 72–75 , 77–81 Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 195 .— Wirth 1965: 758 [ Nearctic catalog].— Zatwarnicki 1987: 293 [checklist].— Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 362 [phylogeny, contaminata group].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 285 [world catalog. Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners, especially S. adamsi , by the following combination of characters: Body with tan to brown and usually with some lighter markings, scutellar disc with partially to mostly dark but often with basal and sometimes with apical areas gray; small shore flies, body length 1.20–1.55 mm . Head ( Figs. 72–73 ): Lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta inserted far forward, 2–3X as far from medial vertical seta as latter from the lateral vertical seta. Face covered by metallic microtomentum; ventral margin of male face nearly flat, not distinctly emarginate; facial setae and setulae small, none prominent, generally oriented ventrally; lower facial seta not oriented laterally or slightly curved dorsally. Genal height less than height of basal flagellomere. Gena relatively short; gena-to-eye ratio 0.16–0.75. Thorax ( Figs. 74–75 ): Mesonotum ( Fig. 74 ) mostly brown with some grayish coloration anteriorly; acrostichal setae of uniform and small in size, arranged in 2 regular rows; dorsocentral setae 2, anterior seta sutural or just postsutural. Wing ( Fig. 75 ) moderately dark with evident pattern or pale spots; cell r 1 lacking white spots; large, quadrate white spot of cell r 3 lacking a dark center; costal vein ratio 0.26–0.28; M 1 vein ratio 0.61–0.65; knob of halter yellow. Midfemur of ♂ lacking row of spine-like setae; tarsi blackish brown to black. Abdomen ( Figs. 77–80 ): Tergites brown to black, rather heavily microtomentose, rarely subshiny.Male terminalia ( Figs. 77–80 ): Epandrium generally squatly oval in posterior view ( Fig. 77 ) except for broadly and moderately deep emarginate ventral margin, width almost equal to height, lateral margins shallowly curved with short projection at ventral 1/4, width of ventral margin subequal to width of cercal opening; dorsal margin of epandrium in posterior view ( Fig. 77 ) evenly rounded; length of epandrial setulae variable, those along ventral margin shorter, sparse along lateral margins; width of cercal opening almost twice height, height of cercal opening slightly less than 1/3 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view ( Fig. 77 ) ovate; epandrium in lateral view ( Fig. 78 ) as stepwise rectangle; aedeagus in lateral view ( Fig. 80 ) broadly rounded basally, irregularly rectangular, dorsal margin deeply excavated, cavity twice as deep as opening, posterior margin broadly truncate, in ventral view ( Fig. 79 ) narrowly ovate, widest sub-basally, posterior margin truncate; ventral aedeagal process shallowly C-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view ( Fig. 80 ) very elongate, narrow, curved, keel barely evident, dorsal length about half ventral length, in ventral view ( Fig. 79 ) T-shaped, basal crossbar about equal to medial process, crossbar extensions slightly tapered, especially apically; postgonite in lateral view ( Fig. 80 ) irregularly and widely V-shaped, dorsal arm subrectangular, wider basally and anterior margin emarginate, ventral extension elongate, rod-like, parallel-sided projection, posterior apex tapered, thumb-like projection; posterodorsal corner distinctly produced, apex shallowly and narrowly bifurcate, bearing setulae on dorsal surface, in ventral view ( Fig. 79 ) with posterior extensions narrow, thumb-like; neohypandrium in lateral view ( Fig. 80 ) narrow, parallel-sided, irregularly and deeply sinuous. Type Material.—The holotype male of Scatophila ordinaria is labeled “Austin, Tex[as]. Ap[ril] 16 1953 [month and day handwritten]/M.R. Wheeler/ HOLOTYPE Scatophila ordinaria Stvt & Whlr [pink]/6681 TYPE [dark pink; number handwritten]. The holotype is double mounted (glued to a paper point), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6681). Other Specimens Examined.— UNITED STATES . ALASKA . Matanuska-Susitna : Willow Creek ( 61°46.1'N , 150°04.2'W ; 50 m ), 26 Jul–17 Aug 2011 , 2012 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 7♂ ; USNM ) . ARIZONA . Cochise: Fairbank ( 31°43.4'N , 110°11.3'W ), 13 Jun 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM). Pima : Organ Pipe National Monument, Alamo Canyon ( 32°04.3'N , 112°43.7'W ), 24 Apr 1947 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM). Yuma : Fort Yuma ( 32°43.9'N , 114°37'W ), 6 Apr, H. G. Hubbard ( 1♂ ; USNM). CALIFORNIA . Imperial: Palo Verde ( 33°26'N , 114°44'W ), 8 Apr 1949 , W. W. Wirth ( 1♂ ; USNM). Kern: Kern River ( 35°27.7'N , 118°46.3'W ), 4 Jan 1950 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♀ ; USNM). Lake: Clearlake ( 38°57.5'N , 121°37.6'W ), 18 Jun 1935 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM). Los Angeles: Baldwin Park ( 34°05.1'N , 117°57.6'W ), 20 Aug 1945 , J. C. Elmore ( 1♀ ; USNM); Lano ( 34°29.6'N , 117°04'W ), Mojave Desert, 13 Mar 1935 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM); Pasadena ( 34°09.4'N , 118°07.9'W ), 24 Mar–3 Apr 1950 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 6♂ , 1♀ ; USNM); Rosemead ( 34°04'N , 118°05'W ) 18–22 Mar 1950 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ , 1♀ ; USNM). Madera : Madera ( 36°57.7'N , 120°03.6'W ), 15 May 1950 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♀ ; USNM). Orange: San Juan Capistrano Hot Spring ( 33°30.1'N , 117°39.7'W ), 28 Mar 1935 , A. L. Melander ( 1♂ ; USNM). Riverside: Cathedral Canyon ( 33°46.8'N , 116°28.1'W ), 3 Apr 1945 , A. L. Melander ( 2♂ ; USNM); Riverside ( 33°57.2'N , 117°23.8'W ), 15 Oct 1934 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM); Whitewater Canyon ( 33°56.1'N , 116°41.2'W ), 6 Apr 1949 , W. W. Wirth ( 1♂ ; USNM). San Bernardino: Vidal ( 34°07.1'N , 114°30.6'W ), 4 Apr 1948 , W. W. Wirth ( 3♂ , 4♀ ; USNM). San Diego: Palm Springs ( 33°55.2'N , 116°13.1'W ), 16 Feb 1935 , A. L. Melander ( 1♂ ; USNM). Tulare: Woodlake ( 36°24.6'N , 119°05.6'W ), 16 May 1950 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM). FIGURES 72–76 . Head, thorax and wing of Scatophila . 72–73. Head of S. ordinaria Sturtevant & Wheeler. 72. Latero-oblique view. 73. Lateral view. 74. S. ordinaria Sturtevant & Wheeler , head and thorax, dorsal view. 75–76. Wing, dorsal view. 75. S. ordinaria Sturtevant & Wheeler. 76. S. viridella Sturtevant & Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. FIGURES 77–80 . Male terminalia of Scatophila ordinaria Sturtevant & Wheeler. 77. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 78. Same, lateral view. 79. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 80. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. IDAHO . Nez Perce : Lewiston ( 46°41'N , 117°02'W ), 31 May 1924 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM ) . LOUISIANA . East Baton Rouge : Baton Rouge ( 30°28.3'N , 91°08.8'W ), 26 Apr 1947 , W. W. Wirth ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . MICHIGAN . Wayne : Detroit ( 42°19.9'N , 83°02.7'W ), 24 Sep 1939 , G. C. Steyskal ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . NEW MEXICO . Catron : Glenwood ( 33°18.8'N , 108°53.1'W ; Malaise trap ), 1 Jun 1972 , W. W. Wirth ( 1♂ ; USNM ); Whitewater Canyon ( 33°27.2'N , 107°30.3'W ), 1 Jun 1972 , W. W. Wirth ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . SOUTH CAROLINA . Charleston : Charleston ( 32°47.1'N , 79°56.5'W ), Aug 1975 , D. L. Kline ( 1♂ , 3♀ ; USNM ) . TEXAS . Brewster : Big Bend National Park ( 29°13'N , 103°22.1'W ; camp area), 4 Apr 1969 , J. J. Tenorio ( 1♂ ; USNM ). Galveston : Galveston ( 29°18.1'N , 94°47.7'W ), 6 Apr 1953 , M. R . Wheeler ( 1♂ ; USNM ). Kerr : Kerrville ( 30°02.8'N , 99°08.4'W ), Jul 1954 , L. J. Bottimer ( 1♂ ; USNM ). Travis : Austin ( 30°16'N , 97°44.6'W ), 18 Aug–22 Oct 1950 , 1951, M. R . Wheeler ( 2♂ , 3♀ ; USNM ); Lake Austin ( 30°16'N , 97°44.6'W ), 31 Mar 1953 , M. R . Wheeler ( 11♂ , 10♀ USNM ). Bastrop : Bastrop ( 30°06.6'N , 97°18.9'W ), 30 Sep 1952 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . UTAH . Kane : Kanab ( 37°02.8'N , 112°31.6'W ), 19 Apr 1935 , A. L. Melander ( 1♀ ; USNM ) ; Right Hand Collett Canyon (south of; 37°8.1'N , 111°32'W ; stock pond), 15 May 2001 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 2♂ ; USNM ) ; White House Spring ( 71 km E Kanab ; 37°04.8'N , 111°53.4'W ; 1250 m ) 19 May 2001 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 5♂ , 5♀ ; USNM ) . San Juan : Blanding , Recapture Reservoir ( 37°39.9'N , 109°26.5'W ; 1840 m ), 23 Jul 2013 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 2♂ ; USNM ) ; Dry Wash Reservoir ( 19 km N Blanding : 37°46.5'N , 109°32.4'W ; 2355 m ), 19 Aug 2013 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 5♂ , 7♀ ; USNM ) ; Johnson Creek meadow ( 22 km N Blanding : 37°47.5'N , 109°30.5'W ; 2384 m ), 23 Jul–25 Aug 2013 , 2014. D. and W. N. Mathis ( 14♂ , 10♀ ; USNM ) VIRGINIA. Fairfax: Great Falls ( Patowmack Canal ; 39°00.1'N , 77°15.2'W ), 5 Jul 2007 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 1♀ ; USNM ) ; Turkey Run (mouth; 38°57.9'N , 77°09.4'W ), 22 May 2007 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 3♀ ; USNM ) . King George : Dahlgren Wayside ( 38°21.6'N , 77°00.9'W ; Potomac River ), 19 May 2006 , W. N. Mathis ( 1♂ , 1♀ ; USNM ) . Stafford : Aquia Harbour , Lions Park ( 38°27'N , 77°23.3'W ), 1 Jun–16 Nov 2005 , 2006, 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis ( 13♂ , 12♀ ; USNM ) ; Aquia Landing ( 38°23.2'N , 77°19'W ), 14 Apr 2006 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 1♀ ; USNM ) . WASHINGTON . Snohomish : Verlot ( 48°05.4'N , 121°46.6'W ), 3 Aug 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♀ ; USNM ) . Type Locality.— United States . Texas . Travis : Austin ( 30°16'N , 97°44.6'W ) . Distribution ( Fig. 81 ).— Nearctic : United States ( Alaska , Arizona , California , Idaho , Louisiana , Michigan , New Mexico , South Carolina , Texas , Utah , Virginia , Washington ). Remarks.—This species is placed in the contaminata group.