Taxonomic review of Chinese Phalonidia Le Marchand, 1933 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cochylini) Author Sun, Yinghui Author Li, Houhun text Zootaxa 2013 3641 5 533 553 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3641.5.3 1c7ce7a0-22c1-44bc-b544-c003630d9b35 1175-5326 224140 303D5CEC-E7B1-4988-8479-CD51BB278C24 Phalonidia brevifasciaria , sp. nov. ( Figs. 5 , 21 ) Type material. Holotype 3, CHINA : Kuankuoshui Nature Reserves, Suiyang County (27°58ʹN, 107°11ʹE), Guizhou Province, 1500 m , 13.viii.2010 , leg. Linlin Yang, genitalia slide No. SYH10224. Description. Adult ( Fig. 5 ). Wingspan 11.5 mm. Head: Vertex and frons yellowish white. Antenna with scape yellow, flagellum yellowish brown mixed with brownish black. Labial palpus slender, length about 1.5 times diameter of compound eye, brownish black mixed with yellowish white on outer surface, yellowish white on inner surface. Thorax: Pale yellowish brown; tegula brownish black except yellowish white distally. Forewing with costal margin nearly straight on basal half, slightly arched on distal half, apex protruded, termen oblique. Ground color yellowish white, mixed with yellow fine strigulae; costal margin narrowly lined by brownish black from base to inner margin of median fascia, sparsely mixed with yellowish brown; median fascia ochreous yellow mixed with brownish black except brownish black anteriorly, extending obliquely from between basal 2/5 and 1/2 of costal margin to between basal 2/5 and 1/2 of dorsum; subapical fascia extending from distal 1/5 of costal margin to anterior 1/3 width of forewing, its anterior half brownish black, posterior half ochreous yellow; two small brownish black spots posterior to subapical fascia; pretornal spot absent; dorsum mixed with brownish black scales; cilia yellowish white mixed with gray. Hindwing and cilia pale gray. Fore- and midlegs brownish black mixed with yellow, tarsal segments with yellow rings; hindleg yellowish white, with sparse grayish brown scales. Abdomen: Grayish brown. Male genitalia ( Fig. 21 ) with socii erect, length about two times width, basal 2/5 fused, distal 3/5 separate, curved inward. Valva slender, sclerotization of costa reaching apex; transtilla gradually narrowed from base to middle, median process as long as transtilla. Sacculus narrow, about 2/5 length of costa. Juxta U-shaped. Phallus slightly longer than valva, pointed at apex; cornutus thorn-shaped, about 2/5 length of phallus. Female unknown. Diagnosis. This species is very similar to P. lydiae both in facies and male genitalia, but P. brevifasciaria can be distinguished by the subapical fascia extending from the costal margin to the anterior 1/3 of the forewing, and a U-shaped juxta in the male genitalia. In P. lydiae , the subapical fascia extends from the costal margin to above the tornus on the forewing, and the juxta is nearly ovoid in the male genitalia. The male genitalia of this species are extremely similar to those of P. fraterna Razowski, 1970 , but those of P. brevifasciaria can be distinguished by the U-shaped juxta and the cornutus about 2/5 length of the phallus in the male genitalia. In P. fraterna , the juxta is nearly ovoid, and the cornutus is about 3/5 the length of the phallus. Distribution. China (Guizhou). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix brevi- (short), and fasciarius (fascia), referring to the short subapical fascia. Phalonidia chlorolitha (Meyrick, 1931) ( Figs. 6 , 22 , 37 ) Phalonia chlorolitha Meyrick, 1931: 157 . TL: Japan (Hokkaido, Sapporo). Phalonia azyga Meyrick, 1935: 47 . TL: China (Chekiang). Phalonidia chlorolitha : Razowski, 1960: 398 . Material examined. CHINA : Hebei Province: 12 3, 6 Ƥ, Shuangyuanfeng, Mt. Wuling, Xinglong County (40°24ʹN, 117°30ʹE), 800 m , 21−30.vii.2011 , leg. Houhun Li and Yanpeng Cai. Shanxi Province: Mt. Li, Jincheng (35°25ʹN, 111°58ʹE), 1520 m , 19.viii.2006 , leg. Xu Zhang and Haiyan Bai. Zhejiang Province: Mt. Tianmu (30°26ʹN, 119°34ʹE), 1 3, 1500 m, 18.viii.1999 , 1 3, Sanmuping, 800 m , 19.viii.1999 , leg. Houhun Li. Henan Province: 2 3, Mt. Baiyun, Song County (34°08ʹN, 112°05ʹE), 1580 m , 23.vii.2002 , leg. Xinpu Wang. Hubei Province: 1 3, Pingbaying, Xianfeng County (29°23ʹN, 108°58ʹE), 1280 m , 22.vii.1999 , leg. Houhun Li. Sichuan Province: 1 Ƥ, Rize, Jiuzhaigou (33°17ʹN, 103°54ʹE), 2700 m , 13.viii.2002 , leg. Shulian Hao. Gansu Province: 1 3, Huamiao, Dangchuan Forest Farm, Tianshui City (34°37ʹN, 105°42ʹE), 1331 m , 11.viii.1988 , leg. Xingyu Wu. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region: Xiaonanchuan, Jingyuan County (35°29ʹN, 106°19ʹE), 2400 m , 8.viii.2000 , leg. Houhun Li and Shuxia Wang. (Genitalia slide Nos.: WXP02570 3, LJM04087 3, ZX06128 3, ZX06152 Ƥ, SYH10206 Ƥ, SYH10246 3, SYH11330 Ƥ, SYH11655 Ƥ, SYH11664 3). Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 6 ). Wingspan 15.0−19.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. z y g o t a in both facies and genital morphology, but P. chlorolitha can be distinguished by the valva gradually narrowed from the base to the rounded apex in the male genitalia ( Fig. 22 ); and by the antrum about as long as wide, the ductus bursae about two times the length of the antrum, and the ductus seminalis arising from the distal 1/3 of the ductus bursae in the female genitalia ( Fig. 37 ). In P. z y go ta , the valva is slender and parallel sided, and the apex is obliquely truncate in the male genitalia; and the length of the antrum is about 1/3 its width, the ductus bursae is slightly longer than the antrum, and the ductus seminalis arises from the anterior part of the ductus bursae in the female genitalia. Distribution. China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang), Japan , Korea , Russia . FIGURES 36–41. Female genitalia of Phalonidia spp. 36. P. affinitana tauriana (Kennel) , slide no. SYH11657; 37. P. chlorolitha (Meyrick) , slide no. SYH10206; 38. P. contractana (Zeller) , slide no. MZ96147; 39. P. c o re a n a Byun & Li, slide no. SYH11032; 40. P. curvistrigana (Stainton) , slide no. SYH11035; 41. P. f r a t e r n a Razowski, slide no. SYH11033. FIGURES 42–47. Female genitalia of Phalonidia spp. 42. P. l y d i a e (Filipjev), slide no. SYH11632; 43. P. melanothicta (Meyrick) , slide no. SYH11029; 44. P. scabra Liu & Ge, slide no. SYH10213; 45. P. silvestris Kuznetzov , slide no. SYH11684; 46. P. tenuispiniformis , sp. nov. , paratype, slide no. SYH10080; 47. P. z y g o t a Razowski, slide no. SYH11687. Phalonidia contractana (Zeller, 1847) ( Figs.7 , 23 , 38 ) Cochylis contractana Zeller, 1847: 744 . TL: Italy (Narni). Conchylis manifestana Kennel, 1901: 232 . TL: Sicily. Phalonia exaequata Meyrick, 1923: 52 . TL: Palestine (Haifa). Phalonia thermoconis Meyrick, 1925: 139 . TL: India (Kashmir, Srinagar). Phalonidia contractana : Razowski, 1970: 212 . Material examined. CHINA : Henan Province: 1 3, Mt. Song, Dengfeng City (34°27ʹN, 113°02ʹE), 700 m , 15.vii.2002 , leg. Xinpu Wang. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region: 1 3, TV Tower, Urumqi (43°45ʹN, 87°36ʹE), 900m , 29.viii.1987 , leg. Houhun Li; 1 3, Qapqal County, Yili City (43°50ʹN, 81°08ʹE), 630 m , 3.ix.1987 , leg. Houhun Li; 15 3, 1 Ƥ, Tacheng County (46°46ʹN, 82°59ʹE), 3−23.viii.1990 , leg. Jinfu Li; 2 3, Shirengou, Miquan City (43°58ʹN, 87°41ʹE), 1121 m , 11.viii.2007 , leg. Xinpu Wang; 2 3, Changji City (44°02ʹN, 87°18ʹE), 541 m , 14.viii.2007 , leg. Xinpu Wang. (Genitalia slide Nos.: MZ96147 Ƥ, ZX06041 3, ZX06042 3, ZX06087 3, SYH11020 3, SYH11021 3, SYH11077 3, SYH11435 3, SYH11450 3, SYH11623 3). Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 7 ). Wingspan 12.0−14.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. lydiae in both male and female genitalia, but P. contractana can be distinguished by the decumbent and separate socii, the valva gradually narrowed from base to the apex, and the median process about 1/2 length of the transtilla in the male genitalia ( Fig. 23 ); and by the corpus bursae lacking a sclerotized band in the female genitalia ( Fig. 38 ). In P. l y d i a e , the socii are erect, fused basally and separate distally, the valva is slender and parallel sided, and the median process is about 2/ 3 the length of the transitilla in the male genitalia; and the corpus bursae has a sclerotized band in the female genitalia. Distribution. China (Henan, Xinjiang), Afghanistan , Iran , Lebanon , Pakistan , Russia , Europe. Phalonidia coreana Byun & Li, 2006 ( Figs. 8 , 24 , 39 ) Phalonidia coreana Byun & Li, 2006: 804. Material examined. CHINA : Henan Province: 2 Ƥ, Baotianman Nature Reserves, Neixiang County (33°02ʹN, 111°50ʹE), 1350 m , 13−15.vii.1998 , leg. Houhun Li. Guizhou Province: 1 3, Fangxiang Town, Leigongshan County (26°28ʹN, 108°17ʹE), 900 m , 13.ix.2005 , leg. Jialiang Zhang. (Genitalia slide Nos.: SYH11025 3, SYH11032 Ƥ). Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 8 ). Wingspan 14.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. curvistrigana in both male and female genitalia, but P. coreana can be distinguished by the sacculus with a spinelike terminal process about 1/5 of its length in the male genitalia ( Fig. 24 ); and the ductus bursae about twice as long as the antrum and the corpus bursae elongate-ovoid in the female genitalia ( Fig. 39 ). In P. curvistrigana , the terminal process of the sacculus is papillary in the male genitalia; and the ductus bursae is almost the same length as the antrum, and the corpus bursae is nearly rounded in the female genitalia. Distribution. China (Guizhou, Henan), Korea . Remarks. This species is recorded for the first time from China . Phalonidia curvistrigana (Stainton, 1859) ( Figs. 9 , 25 , 40 ) Eupoecilia curvistrigana Stainton, 1859: 272 . TL: England . Phalonidia curvistrigana Razowski, 1970: 204 . Material examined. CHINA : Beijing: Xiaolongmen Forest Farm, Mentougou (39°56ʹN, 116°05ʹE), 1080 m , 14.viii.2009 , leg. Aihuan Zhang and Aihua Sun. Anhui Province: Wenquan Town, Yuexi County (30°52ʹN, 116°22ʹE): 3 3, 1 Ƥ, 7−22.viii.1995 , 1 3, 1 Ƥ, 25.vii.1996 , leg. Xiangfu Hu. Guizhou Province: 1 Ƥ, Fangxiang Town, Leigongshan County (26°28ʹN, 108°17ʹE), 900 m , 14.ix.2005 ; 1 Ƥ, Xiaodanjiang, Rongjiang County (25°56ʹN, 108°30ʹE), 680 m , 16.ix.2005 ; 1 Ƥ, Lianhuaping, Mt. Leigong (25°56ʹN, 108°30ʹE), 1600 m , 17.ix.2005 , leg. Jialiang Zhang. (Genitalia slide Nos.: SYH11026 Ƥ, SYH11034 Ƥ, SYH11035 Ƥ, SYH11390 3, SYH11610 Ƥ, SYH11682 Ƥ, SYH11697 Ƥ). Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 9 ). Wingspan 11.0−16.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. silvestris , but P. curvistrigana can be distinguished by the valva with the basal 3/5 broad and the distal 2/5 narrow, and the sacculus with the basal half slightly concave and the distal half slightly convex on the ventral margin in the male genitalia ( Fig. 25 ); and by the nearly rounded corpus bursae without a circle of spines in the female genitalia ( Fig. 40 ). In P. silvestris , the valva is gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, and the ventral margin of the sacculus is nearly straight in the male genitalia; and the nearly ovoid corpus bursae has a circle of short thin spines in the female genitalia. This species is also similar to P. coreana Byun & Li, 2006, and the differences between them are noted under the latter species. Distribution. China (Anhui, Beijing, Gansu, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi), Japan , Korea , Russia , Europe. Host plants. Solidago spp. ( Asteraceae ) and Glycyne max M. ( Fabaceae ) (Park 1983).